酶催化合成脂肪族聚酯的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016-2090

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 酶催化合成生物可降解脂肪族聚酯是一种新型聚合方法，可以在温和条件下高效合成，有着传统方法难以比拟的优势，但该方法所合成的产物仍存在生物相容性低、力学性能差、分子量低等不足。本文综述了近十年来酶催化合成脂肪族聚酯的研究进展，分别介绍了开环聚合法、共聚法和缩合聚合法的聚合机理，并且简述了通过酶的固定化、功能化改性、调节支链等方法来提高酶的催化效率和活性、降低反应能耗和材料中残留有毒物质、提高原料转化率和产物分子量、增强产物亲水性及开发材料新用途的相关研究报道。并且总结了酶催化聚合法在不同介质中的优势和不足，并指出酶催化合成脂肪族聚酯在超临界二氧化碳、水、离子液体等环保介质中进行将成为绿色化学发展的趋势。

关键词: 脂肪族聚酯, 脂肪族聚碳酸酯, 酶, 酶催化聚合, 生物医用材料

Abstract: Enzymatic synthesis of biodegradable polyester is a new polymerization method,which has high efficient under the mild conditions,and it has many advantages over the traditional method.However,the method still has many defects,such as poor biocompatibility,poor mechanical properties and low molecular weight.In this article,an overview of progress on enzymatic synthesis of aliphatic polyesters in the past 10 years is provided.The mechanism of ring opening polymerization,copolymerization and condensation polymerization is introduced respectively.The research progresses are introduced,which are aimed to improve the efficiency and activated of enzyme,reduce the temperature of reaction and the toxic of biomedical materials,increase conversion rate of materials and molecular weight of products,enhance hydrophilicity of products and develop the new application for the materials,by using the methods of the immobilization of enzymes,functionalization and regulation of branched-chain.In addition,the advantages and disadvantages of enzymatic polymerization in different mediums are summarized.Finally it is suggested that enzymatic synthesis of aliphatic polyester in the mediums of supercritical CO₂,water and ionic liquid will become the trend of development for green chemistry.

Key words: aliphatic polyester, aliphatic polycarbonate, enzyme, enzymatic polymerization, biomedica materials

中图分类号:

O633.14

王景昌, 商雪航, 王卫京, 陈淑花, 詹世平. 酶催化合成脂肪族聚酯的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(07): 2592-2600.

WANG Jingchang, SHANG Xuehang, WANG Weijing, CHEN Shuhua, ZHAN Shiping. Review on enzymatic synthesis of aliphatic polyester[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(07): 2592-2600.

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