Abstract:

As indispensable basic raw materials, low-carbon olefins such as ethylene and propylene keep increasing global demand continuously. The dehydrogenation of light alkanes to olefins has shown broad application prospects due to its abundant raw materials, low cost and high selectivity in comparison with traditional oil-based production routes. Co-based catalysts with merits of low cost, environmentally friendly, and superior dehydrogenation performance, have attracted a wide attention. The review systematically summarizes the research progress of Co-based catalysts in the dehydrogenation of light alkanes to olefins in recent years, mainly focusing on the dehydrogenation mechanism, and regulation of the properties of cobalt species and support structure. The characteristics of cobalt species are affected by various factors such as preparation method, pre-treatment condition, cobalt loading, and promotor modification. While the support regulation mainly concentrates on its morphology, pore structure, and acid-base properties. It is pointed out that increasing the dispersion degree of cobalt species and enhancing the cobalt species-support interaction could efficiently improve the activity and stability of Co-based catalysts in alkane dehydrogenation reaction.

Key words: catalyst, multiphase reaction, reactivity, stability, dehydrogenation, structure regulation

摘要：

乙烯、丙烯等低碳烯烃是重要的基本化工原料，其全球需求量持续增长。相比于传统石油基生产路线，低碳烷烃脱氢制烯烃工艺具有原料来源丰富、成本低、产物选择性高等优势，展现出广阔的应用前景。Co基催化剂作为一种廉价、环境友好、脱氢性能优异的催化材料，引起了研究者的广泛关注。本文系统总结了Co基催化剂在低碳烷烃脱氢制烯烃反应中的研究进展，主要从脱氢反应机理、Co物种性质调控以及载体结构调控等方面展开论述。Co物种的性质受合成方法、预处理条件、负载量、助剂改性等因素影响，而载体的调控主要体现在其形貌、孔结构和酸碱性质等方面。总结发现，提高Co物种的分散度，增强Co物种与载体之间相互作用可有效提高Co基催化剂的脱氢反应活性和稳定性，为进一步开发催化性能优异的脱氢催化剂提供参考。

关键词: 催化剂, 多相反应, 活性, 稳定性, 脱氢, 结构调控