Abstract:

With the rapid development of the global economy, the excessive use of fossil energy has led to a large amount of CO₂ emissions, which has aggravated climate change and global greenhouse effect. Carbon capture has become a key means to alleviate environmental pressure. As a class of unique crystalline porous materials, metal organic framework (MOF) possess adjustable structural variability and micro-nano construction functionality. Additionally, various chemical synthesis strategies can be employed to fabricate derivative materials with specific morphology and porosity. MOF and their derivatives have demonstrated exceptional performance and promising application prospects in gas storage, separation, as well as catalytic conversion. In this review, the application of MOF and their derivatives in the field of carbon capture as solid adsorbents, membrane materials and CO₂ desorption catalysts in chemical absorbent solvents was presented. The detailed discussion of their classification, synthesis methods, modification techniques and reaction mechanisms were summarized. The challenges encountered by MOF and their derivative materials in practical applications such as stability, regeneration and large-scale production were thoroughly discussed. Finally, clear pathway for future research investigations was provided. The application of MOF and their derivatives in carbon capture held great potential for offering innovative ideas and solutions to address global carbon emissions issues and contribute to achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.

Key words: carbon capture, metal organic framework (MOF), catalysts, adsorbents, membranes

摘要：

随着全球经济的快速发展，化石能源的过度使用导致了CO₂的大量排放，加剧了气候变化和全球温室效应。碳捕集在此背景下应运而生，成为缓解环境压力的关键手段。金属有机框架（MOF）材料作为一种特殊晶态多孔材料，具有结构可调变性和微纳米构筑功能，通过不同的化学合成策略构建具有特定形貌和多孔的结构的衍生物材料，在气体储存与分离以及催化转化等领域表现出了优异的性能和应用前景。本文详细介绍了MOF及其衍生物在碳捕集领域中作为CO₂固体吸附剂、膜分离材料和化学吸收法解吸催化剂方面的应用进展，总结了碳捕集材料的分类、合成与调变方法以及相关反应机理，提出了MOF及衍生材料在实际应用中面临稳定性、再生性、规模化生产等挑战，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。MOF及其衍生物在碳捕集中的应用有望为解决全球碳排放问题提供新的思路和解决方案，从而助力实现碳中和目标。

关键词: 碳捕集, 金属有机框架, 催化剂, 吸附剂, 膜