Abstract:

Membrane technology has been widely applied in the wastewater treatment; however, membrane fouling hinders its further applications. The exploitation of antifouling membranes to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction has been a one of hot topics. As a kind of surface modification strategy, the layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly technique has been explored in the antifouling membrane preparation due to its characteristics of diverse assemble-materials, widely practical scenarios, mild preparation conditions and molecular-scale controllability. In this review, on the basis of clarifying the mechanism of LbL self-assembly technique applied in the membrane fouling control, the effects of selection and pretreatment of base membranes, types of antifouling units and its combination with membranes, the number of assemble layers and preparation methods on the antifouling performance of membranes were summarized. Overall, perspectives of development on the antifouling membranes based on LbL self-assembly technique for wastewater treatment were proposed, such as excavation of the mechanism of assembly process, optimization of membrane fabrication process, reduction of preparation cost and enhancement of long-term stability.

Key words: membrane, membrane fouling, antifouling membrane, layer-by-layer self-assembly technique, waste water

摘要：

膜分离技术已经广泛应用于污水处理领域，但膜污染是制约其进一步发展的主要障碍，开发抗污染膜材料实现节能降耗是目前膜法污水处理领域的研究热点之一。层层自组装作为一种膜表面改性技术，具有组装材料丰富、适用场景广泛、制备条件温和、分子水平结构可控等特点，已被应用于抗污染膜材料的研制中。本文综述了近年来基于层层自组装技术的水处理用抗污染膜的研究进展，在阐释层层自组装技术应用于膜污染控制机制的基础上，重点总结了基膜的选择和处理、抗污染组装单元的种类和复合方式、组装层数、制备方法对膜抗污染性能的影响，并对未来该技术实现膜污染控制的构筑设计和发展方向，如组装过程机制挖掘、制膜工艺优化、制膜成本降低、长期稳定性提升等方面进行了展望。

关键词: 膜, 膜污染, 抗污染膜, 层层自组装, 废水