Abstract:

Pipeline is the optimal way in transporting large amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in CCUS (carbon capture, utilization and storage) technology industrial chain. In this paper, the research progress on decompression and fracture propagation of CO₂ pipeline leakage was reviewed from aspects of experiment and computer simulation. The influence of phase state, pipe material and buried condition on crack propagation was analyzed. The influence of equation of state (EOS), impurity factor and theoretical model on experimental and simulation calculation were discussed. The EOS suitable for the establishment of decompression wave prediction model was summarized and the theoretical method and simulation software of fluid-structure coupling research, as well as the technical documentations for the design of CO₂ transport pipelines, were mentioned. The scientific problems that need to be studied further in CO₂ pipeline leakage decompression and fracture propagation control were summarized. Prospecting the research contents that need to be carried out include: ①establishing the EOS calculation model of multivariate mixture at three phase point and phase line, ②seting up the coupling relationship between the thermal properties of CO₂ and crack propagation furtherly, ③establishing the stop criterion of pipeline fracture, and ④developing and optimizing the special crack stop devices to avoid fracture propagation for CO₂ transportation pipelines.

Key words: carbon dioxide, mixtures, thermodynamic properties, experiment, computer simulation

摘要：

管道是二氧化碳捕集、利用和封存（carbon capture, utilization, and storage，CCUS）技术产业链中输运大量二氧化碳（CO₂）的最优方式，但其在运行中具有意外泄漏风险。本文从实验和计算机模拟两个方面综述了国内外开展CO₂管道泄漏减压、断裂扩展的研究进展，分析了相态、管材、埋地条件等初始状态对裂纹扩展规律的影响。阐述了状态方程、杂质因素、理论模型对开展实验和模拟计算研究的影响。归纳了适用于建立减压波预测模型的状态方程，开展流固耦合研究的理论方法和模拟仿真软件，设计CO₂输运管道参考的技术文档。总结了当前CO₂管道泄漏减压、断裂扩展控制研究方面需深入研究的科学问题，展望了亟待开展的研究内容，包括构建多元混合物状态方程在三相点、相间线的计算模型；探究裂纹裂间处CO₂热物性质与裂纹断裂扩展的耦合关系；建立管道止裂准则，开发、优化CO₂输运管道专用止裂器。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 混合物, 热力学性质, 实验, 计算机模拟