Abstract:

Recently, the environmental pollution and energy depletion problems are becoming more and more serious, which have restricted the human survival and development. Using photocatalytic technique, the degradation of pollutants and preparation of clean energy can be achieved, which help to reduce the environmental pollution and curb the energy depletion. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is one of the most studied materials in photocatalysis area, due to many advantages including excellent photoactivity, stable, cheap and environment friendly. However, the intrinsic defects existing in TiO₂ still restrict its further application. The researchers have proposed a variety of ways for the modification of TiO₂. For example, precious metals/TiO₂ composites can significantly improve the photoactivity and broaden the absorption wavelength range of TiO₂. Especially, Au/TiO₂ composite has been widely studied, which shows a promising prospect of applications in many areas. In this review, the development of Au/TiO₂ composites in recent years is summarized. Firstly, the chemical properties of Au and TiO₂, and the optical enhancement principle of Au/TiO₂ composites are briefly introduced. Then, the modified strategy and related mechanism of Au/TiO₂ composites are well discussed, including Au regulation effect on the optical properties of TiO₂, and the selective modification methods and techniques. Finally, the current status of Au/TiO₂ composites are still dominated by overcoming the two major intrinsic defects of TiO₂, and it is expected that various new Au/TiO₂ composites can be gradually promoted and applied.

Key words: environment, energy, photoelectrocatalysis, Au/TiO₂, composites, modified strategy

摘要：

近年来，环境污染、能源枯竭问题日益严重，成为制约人类生存与发展的主要因素。光电催化技术能够同时实现污染物的降解与清洁能源的制备，有助于缓解环境污染与能源枯竭问题。作为典型的光（电）催化材料，TiO₂具有光活性强、性质稳定、廉价易得、环境友好等诸多优点，数十年来已成为光催化及相关领域的研究热点。然而，TiO₂存在的本征缺陷依然制约着其进一步推广应用，为此研究人员已提出多种方式对TiO₂进行改性。其中贵金属/TiO₂复合材料可显著提升TiO₂的光学活性并拓宽其吸收波长范围，尤其是Au/TiO₂材料体系已受到广泛关注和认可，表现出良好的应用前景。本文通过对目前Au/TiO₂复合材料的发展现状进行了总结，首先简单介绍了Au和TiO₂的化学性质及Au对TiO₂光学性能的增强原理；随后对Au/TiO₂复合材料的改性策略及相关作用机制展开讨论，包括Au对TiO₂光学性能的影响及调控、修饰方法的选择与影响等；最后总结出目前Au/TiO₂复合材料依然以克服TiO₂的两大本征缺陷为主，探讨各类新型Au/TiO₂复合材料有望使其得到逐步推广与实际应用。最后对目前Au/TiO₂复合材料的研究现状进行系统总结并探讨该材料未来的研究和发展方向。

关键词: 环境, 能源, 光电催化, Au/TiO₂, 复合材料, 改性策略