Review on the preparation of activated carbon from sludge and its adsorption characteristics

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0193

Abstract

Abstract: As a by-product of civil and industrial activities,sludge influences people's life and the ecological environment greatly. The preparation of activated carbon from sewage sludge can solve this problem,which also makes it possible to fight against pollution by means of pollution. The activated carbon derived from sewage sludge is a kind of low-cost adsorbent,which can effectively adsorb pollutants in wastewater,desulfurization and denitrification. This paper reviewed the research progress of sewage sludge based activated carbon through three main areas:preparation,adsorption properties and adsorption models. The effects of the sludge source,carbonization,activation and additives on sludge activated carbon preparation were discussed. The adsorption properties for metal ions,dyes,antibiotics and other harmful substances were elaborated. On this basis,this paper also listed the isothermal adsorption model and adsorption kinetics model fitting of the sludge based activated carbon in adsorption process. At the same time,this paper points out that present research is confined to the pursuit of activated carbon with high surface areas,and there are still the problems of high cost technology and the risk of secondary pollution in this technology. Finally,the research direction is proposed,which are the appropriate preparation methods and applications should be studied based on the sludge from different sources.

Key words: sewage sludge, activated carbon, preparation method, adsorption application

摘要： 污泥作为城市、工业活动的副产物影响人们生活和生态环境，而以污泥制备污泥活性炭的方式进行资源化利用，使得污泥活性炭作为一种低成本吸附剂可以有效吸附废水中污染物以及脱硫脱硝，从而达到"以污治污"的效果。本文从污泥活性炭的制备方法、吸附特性和吸附反应模型3个方面对污泥制备活性炭研究进展进行综述，着重讨论了污泥来源、炭化方式、活化方式以及添加剂种类等因素对于污泥活性炭制备的影响，阐述了其对于金属离子、染料、抗生素等有害物的吸附特性，在此基础上，本文又列举了近些年污泥基活性炭在吸附过程中对于吸附等温模型以及吸附动力学模型的拟合情况。同时本文指出目前研究局限于制备追求比表面积的活性炭，而且该技术仍存在技术工艺成本较高的问题以及二次污染风险，对研究方向作出展望，即应结合根据不同的污泥来源，选取合适的制备方式以及应用领域。

关键词: 污泥, 活性炭, 制备方法, 吸附应用

CLC Number:

X703

ZHANG Junjie, SHAO Jingai, HUANG Hexun, AN Rui, JIN Qianzheng, ZHANG Shihong, CHEN Hanping. Review on the preparation of activated carbon from sludge and its adsorption characteristics[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(10): 3876-3886.

张俊杰, 邵敬爱, 黄河洵, 安瑞, 金前争, 张世红, 陈汉平. 利用污泥制备活性炭及其吸附特性的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(10): 3876-3886.

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