Resource utilization of coal gasification slag

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1845

Abstract

Abstract:

Coal gasification technology has developed rapidly as a clean utilization technology, but a large amount of coal gasification slag has been produced at the same time. With the sources and hazards, the basic properties, the prepared materials (mesoporous materials, activated carbon, composite materials) and the application of coal gasification slag (in the field of waste gas and wastewater treatment, construction and building materials, agriculture) involved, this article reviews the research status, analyzes the existing problems and forecasts application prospects. Coal gasification slag is rich in carbon, aluminum and silicon, with large specific surface area and relatively developed pore structure. Then it can be used to prepare high-value products. However, the waste liquid generated during the preparation process needs to be urgently treated and disposed of. The remaining aluminum, silicon and carbon-containing residues also need to be recycled. Although the research on coal gasification slag has achieved good results, most are still in the stage of laboratory research or experimental promotion, and cannot achieve large-scale utilization. In this paper, it is suggested that developing resource utilization technology of coal gasification slag with simple process, strong feasibility and economic benefits, the synergistic utilization of aluminum, silicon and carbon resources should be realized on the basis of hierarchical utilization, and large-scale utilization should be achieved on the ground of full utilization.

Key words: coal gasification slag, resource utilization, mesoporous materials, activated carbon, construction and building materials

摘要：

煤气化技术作为清洁利用技术得到迅速发展，但同时产生大量的煤气化渣。本文从煤气化渣的来源及危害、煤气化渣的基本性质、煤气化渣制备材料（介孔材料、活性炭、复合材料）和煤气化渣的应用（废气废水处理、建工建材、农业）4个方面进行概述总结，对存在的问题、应用前景分别进行了分析和展望。文中指出：煤气化渣含碳量高、铝硅资源丰富、比表面积较大、孔隙结构比较发达，可用于制备高值化产品，但制备过程中所产生的废液需要进行处理与处置，剩余的含铝、硅和碳残渣也需要进行回收利用。煤气化渣的研究虽然取得了良好的效果，但大都处于实验室研究阶段或试验推广阶段，无法实现规模化利用。建议开发工艺简单、可行性强且具有经济效益的煤气化渣资源化利用技术，在分级利用的基础上实现铝、硅、碳资源的协同利用；在全利用的基础上实现其规模化利用。

关键词: 煤气化渣, 资源化利用, 介孔材料, 活性炭, 建工建材

CLC Number:

TQ536

ZHANG Lihong, JIN Yaoru, CHENG Fangqin. Resource utilization of coal gasification slag[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(8): 4447-4457.

张丽宏, 金要茹, 程芳琴. 煤气化渣资源化利用[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4447-4457.

Figures/Tables 7

References 72

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产煤地区	炉型	渣样	SiO₂/%	Al₂O₃/%	Fe₂O₃/%	CaO/%
鄂尔多斯煤^[11]	多喷嘴气化炉	粗渣	55.3	19.14	9.79	8.65
鄂尔多斯煤^[11]	多喷嘴气化炉	细渣	54.4	21.93	8.36	6.7
陕西煤^[12]	多喷嘴	粗渣	41.44	13.91	17.37	17.27
陕西煤^[12]	气化炉	细渣	35.93	15.48	18.13	17.19
陕西煤^[13]	Texaco气化炉	粗渣	41.12	12.72	—	12.88
陕西煤^[13]	Texaco气化炉	细渣	32.20	8.87	—	4.33
宁东煤^[14]	—	粗渣	50.09	19.26	10.35	11.30
宁东煤^[14]	—	细渣	53.80	16.59	7.79	9.95
宁东煤^[15]	Texaco气化炉	细渣	44.86	19.63	9.03	9.82

产煤地区	炉型	渣样	SiO₂/%	Al₂O₃/%	Fe₂O₃/%	CaO/%
鄂尔多斯煤^[11]	多喷嘴气化炉	粗渣	55.3	19.14	9.79	8.65
鄂尔多斯煤^[11]	多喷嘴气化炉	细渣	54.4	21.93	8.36	6.7
陕西煤^[12]	多喷嘴	粗渣	41.44	13.91	17.37	17.27
陕西煤^[12]	气化炉	细渣	35.93	15.48	18.13	17.19
陕西煤^[13]	Texaco气化炉	粗渣	41.12	12.72	—	12.88
陕西煤^[13]	Texaco气化炉	细渣	32.20	8.87	—	4.33
宁东煤^[14]	—	粗渣	50.09	19.26	10.35	11.30
宁东煤^[14]	—	细渣	53.80	16.59	7.79	9.95
宁东煤^[15]	Texaco气化炉	细渣	44.86	19.63	9.03	9.82

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