Abstract: Ni/Al2O3，as a type of stable catalyst，is used extensively in industrial catalysis，such as catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic reformation. In these catalytic processes，the surface structure often plays a vitally important role for catalytic performance. In this paper，the surface structure of Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and its corresponding preparation technologies in the recent years are expatiated. A review is provided for the type of surface Ni species，the modification of additives for the Ni/Al2O3 catalysts’ surface structure，and the effects of the size and the structure of the surface Ni species on the catalytic performance. Moreover，the effects of preparation conditions on the type of surface Ni species，the structure of additives，and the size and structure of active components are also summarized. The important roles of the three surface Ni species，electronic and structural promoter，dispersion and crystalline phases of the particles in the catalytic process are analyzed. The future research on catalyst shall be focused on the increase of monatomic activity，the decrease of transfer resistance and catalyst electronic modification.

Key words: Ni active species, surface structure, catalytic material, modification of additive, dispersion

摘要： 镍/氧化铝作为一类稳定的催化剂广泛用于催化加氢、加氢精制等工业催化，其表面结构对催化性能起着举足轻重的作用。为此，本文对镍/氧化铝型催化剂表面结构的研究概况以及相关制备技术等方面进行了系统综述。回顾了镍/氧化铝型催化剂的表面镍物种类型、表面结构的助剂改性、表面粒子结构等对催化活性影响等方面的研究进展。总结了表面镍物种种类、结构助剂改性、活性粒子尺寸和结构等受制备条件的具体影响。分析对比了3种不同表面镍物种、电子型助剂和结构型助剂、活性粒子分散度和晶型结构在催化过程中所扮演的重要角色，并提出了今后的主要研究方向是提高单原子活性、载体的传质扩散、催化剂的电子改性等技术研究。

关键词: 镍活性物种, 表面结构, 催化材料, 助剂修饰, 分散度