Abstract:

This paper advances a system framework for coupling electricity and hydrogen and delineates an industrial transition pathway for China in pursuit of carbon neutrality. Anchored in the principle of "electricity for energy and hydrogen for materials", electricity is prioritized for high-temperature, strongly endothermic, and performance-critical operations (e.g., steam cracking, dehydrogenation, reforming). Electrified hydrocarbon cracking establishes an "e-olefin-H₂" pathway that co-produces olefins and low-carbon hydrogen, serving as a key enabler of emissions abatement in refining, steel, and ammonia while accelerating iteration and scale-up across the hydrogen value chain. Leveraging the Xinjiang-Inner Mongolia-Bohai Bay green-industrial corridor and associated long-distance power-export patterns, the pathway begins with direct connection to green power coupled with by-product hydrogen and then expands to cross-sector mitigation supported by a dedicated hydrogen pipeline network. Coordinated operation of the power, hydrogen, and natural-gas systems enables low-carbon peak-shaving and facilitates coal-power decarbonization. The study further assesses liquid-hydrogen-enabled superconducting co-transport and an integrated "power-hydrogen-cold" paradigm, whereby cryogenic exergy recovery can reconfigure cryogenic separations in ethylene and ammonia. On the policy side, a coherent constraint-incentive package is proposed-comprising green-power access and certificates, hydrogen taxonomy and pricing, carbon markets, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS)-together with a sequenced sectoral transition (refining-ammonia-steel-cement-coal power) and the requisite infrastructure portfolio. The proposed pathway enhances system resilience and cost discipline, strengthens the low-carbon competitiveness of China's legacy industrial base, and yields spillover benefits for the East Asian refining landscape, providing an actionable, integrated technology-policy framework for deep industrial decarbonization.

Key words: carbon neutrality, e-olefin-H?, energy gas hub, integrated energy transmission pipeline, low-carbon transformation

摘要：

在碳中和愿景下系统提出“电-氢”协同机制和产业跃迁路径，遵循“电替能-氢承材”的基本逻辑，即电能优先配置于高温强吸热与高性能工业过程（如蒸汽裂解、脱氢、重整），通过电加热裂解烃类形成“电烯氢”通道，在生产烯烃的同时副产低碳氢，以此作为炼化、钢铁与合成氨减排的关键媒介并推动氢产业迭代。首先，结合新疆-内蒙-渤海湾绿色产业带与外输格局，提出以绿电直供与副产氢耦合基点，扩展至以氢管网为支撑的跨行业减排。通过电网-氢网-天然气网协同运行，实现低碳调峰与煤电脱碳。其次，探讨液氢超导“电氢冷”一体化集输与冷能回收对乙烯、合成氨深冷分离的重构潜力。再次，在政策层面建议构建以绿电接入规则与绿证、氢分类与定价、碳市场与CCUS为核心的约束-激励政策组合机制。最后，研判产业低碳转型时序优先级（炼化-合成氨-钢铁-水泥-煤电）及技术/资源/设施/政策等配套要素。该路径在保障系统韧性与成本可控的同时，可重塑中国传统工业的低碳竞争力，并对东亚炼化格局产生外溢效应，为传统工业深度碳减排提供规划性的技术-政策一体化框架。

关键词: 碳中和, 电烯氢, 能源气体岛, 综合能源输送管道, 低碳转型