Abstract:

The direct epoxidation of 3-chloropropene for synthesizing epichlorohydrin is a green chemical process, but highly relies on efficient epoxidation catalysts. The currently developed catalysts for epoxidation are predominantly homogeneous catalysts, such as phosphotungstate and metal complexes, and heterogeneous catalysts typified by titanium silicate molecular sieves. Among those homogeneous catalysts, phosphotungstate demonstrate superior reactivity due to their phase-transfer characteristics. This paper offers an overview on the synthesis of phosphotungstate catalysts and their current application in epoxidation processes. Regarding heterogeneous catalysts, the paper summarizes the reaction mechanism and progress in catalyst modification of titanium silicate molecular sieves for the epoxidation of 3-chloropropene. The application status of this catalyst in the epoxidation process is analyzed, and recommendations are given for further catalyst research in an industrial context. Additionally, a direct epoxidation scheme for 3-chloropropene employing molecular oxygen as the oxidant is discussed. Dual-functional catalysts suitable for this reaction should be developed to reduce the production costs of the direct epoxidation process for 3-chloropropene.

Key words: 3-chloropropylene, catalyst, partial oxidation, epichlorohydrin, reaction engineering

摘要：

3-氯丙烯直接环氧化合成环氧氯丙烷是一种符合绿色化学理念的制备工艺，其关键在于高效的环氧化催化剂。当前已开发的环氧化催化剂主要包括磷钨杂多酸盐和金属配合物等均相催化剂，以及钛硅分子筛为代表的非均相催化剂。在均相催化剂中，具有相转移特性的磷钨杂多酸盐催化剂反应性能优越，本文介绍了磷钨杂多酸盐催化剂的合成方法及其在环氧化工艺上的研究现状。在非均相催化剂方面，总结了钛硅分子筛催化3-氯丙烯环氧化的反应机理和催化剂改性的研究进展，分析了该催化剂在环氧化工艺上的应用现状，对其在工业化应用背景下的催化剂研究方向提出了建议。本文还讨论了以分子氧为氧化剂的3-氯丙烯直接环氧化方案，开发适用于此反应的双功能催化剂，以期降低3-氯丙烯直接环氧化工艺的生产成本。

关键词: 3-氯丙烯, 催化剂, 部分氧化, 环氧氯丙烷, 反应工程