Abstract:

Petroleum hydrocarbons are difficult to degrade in the environment, and physicochemical remediation techniques are costly, energy-intensive, and not conducive to environmental restoration. The Trametes versicolor can homogenize the soil and is a potential microorganism for petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation. In this study, different types of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution were the research object, and the degradation rate was used as the assessment index to investigate the degradation performance of Trametes versicolor on different types of petroleum hydrocarbons. On this basis, the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil by Trametes versicolor and the effect on the release of greenhouse gases were investigated to provide theoretical guidance for the application of bioremediation technology to petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil. The results showed that Trametes versicolor could effectively degrade different types of petroleum hydrocarbons, n-hexadecane was removed by 53.55% in 4d, and crude oil was removed by 21.61% in 9d. The remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in simulated contaminated soil using Trametes versicolor resulted in 32.68% removal of n-hexadecane and 4.84% removal of crude oil after 15d of remediation. In hexadecane-contaminated soil, the pollutants were degraded and released into the environment in the form of CO₂ and CH₄, while in crude oil-contaminated soil, the release of CH₄ was smaller with the release of CO₂ and N₂O increasing. The results demonstrated the possibility of remediation of different types of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution by Trametes versicolor and provided a theoretical basis for bioremediation with less greenhouse gas release.

Key words: petroleum hydrocarbon, soil remediation, Trametes versicolor, bioremediation, greenhouse gas

摘要：

石油烃是环境中一种难降解的物质，物理化学修复技术成本高、能耗大且不利于环境恢复。杂色云芝（Trametes versicolor）的菌丝能够均质化土壤，是石油烃生物修复的潜在微生物。本文以不同类型石油烃污染为研究对象，以降解率为考核指标，探究杂色云芝对不同类型石油烃的降解性能。在此基础上，研究杂色云芝对石油烃污染土壤的生物修复作用及对温室气体释放的影响，为石油烃污染土壤的生物修复技术应用提供理论指导。结果表明：杂色云芝能有效降解不同类型石油烃，4天内正十六烷被去除了53.55%，9天内原油被去除了21.61%。利用杂色云芝降解模拟污染土壤中的石油烃，修复15天后，正十六烷的去除率达到32.68%，原油的去除率达到4.84%。正十六烷污染的土壤中，污染物被降解并以CO₂和CH₄的形式释放到环境中，在原油污染的土壤中，CH₄的释放量较少，而CO₂和N₂O的释放量增加。研究结果证明了杂色云芝修复不同类型石油烃污染土壤的可能性，提供了生物修复能产生更少温室气体的理论依据。

关键词: 石油烃, 土壤修复, 杂色云芝, 生物修复, 温室气体