Current SF6 emission, emission reduction and future prospects under “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0614

Abstract

Abstract:

The reduction of sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) emissions is a key link in the power industry's efforts to serve the “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”. This article summarizes the current status and main sources of greenhouse gas SF₆ emissions in the power industry, and from the perspectives of open source, cost reduction, upgrades, and degradation, summarizes four SF₆ emission reduction measures: source replacement, recycling purification, equipment upgrading, and harmless treatment. It also reviewes the problems and countermeasures of various technologies. Through a selective analysis of SF₆ emission reduction technologies, this article proposes a two-step strategy for reducing SF₆ emissions, providing reference for building a green, low-carbon new power system and achieving the “net zero” goal. It suggestes strengthening policy constraints on non-CO₂ greenhouse gases such as SF₆, further formulating SF₆ emission reduction targets for the power industry, accelerating the application process of SF₆ emission reduction technologies, establishing a sound SF₆ life cycle management approach, and promoting China's SF₆ gas control to a new level.

Key words: sulfur hexafluoride, greenhouse gas, emission reduction, substitute, recycling purification

摘要：

六氟化硫（SF₆）的减排是电力行业服务“碳达峰、碳中和”的攻坚环节，文章总结了电力行业温室气体SF₆排放现状和主要排放源，从开源、节流、升级和降解角度出发，总结了四种SF₆减排手段，即源头替代、回收净化、设备升级以及无害化处理等，综述了各种技术存在的问题及对策。通过SF₆减排技术优先选择性分析，提出了SF₆气体减排分“两步走”战略，为构建绿色低碳新型电力系统以及实现“净零”目标提供参考。建议加强对非CO₂温室气体SF₆的政策约束力度、进一步制定针对电力行业的SF₆气体减排目标、加快SF₆气体减排技术应用进程、建立完善的SF₆全生命周期管理方法，促使我国SF₆气体管控再上新台阶。

关键词: 六氟化硫, 温室气体, 减排, 替代, 回收净化

CLC Number:

X701

ZHANG Jie, WANG Fangfang, XIA Zhonglin, ZHAO Guangjin, MA Shuangchen. Current SF₆ emission, emission reduction and future prospects under “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(S1): 447-460.

张杰, 王放放, 夏忠林, 赵光金, 马双忱. “双碳”目标下SF₆排放现状、减排手段分析及未来展望[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 447-460.

Figures/Tables 9

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气体	理化特性				环境特性			相对绝缘性能
气体	毒理性	液化温度/℃	易燃性	大气寿命	GWP	ODP	主要毒性分解产物（微水）	相对绝缘性能
SF₆	无	-64	无	3200a	25200	0	HF、SOF₂等	1
N₂	无	-196	无	—	0	0	无	0.38
CO₂	无	-78.5	无	5-200a	1	0	无	0.35
c-C₄F₈	低	-8	无	3200a	8700	0	HF等	1.27
CF₃I	低	-22.5	无	0.005a	1～5	0	HF等	1.2
C₅F₁₀O	无	26.5	无	0.042a	1	0	COF₂等	2
C₄F₇N	低	-4.7	无	30a	2100	0	氰化物、HF等	2.1

气体	理化特性				环境特性			相对绝缘性能
气体	毒理性	液化温度/℃	易燃性	大气寿命	GWP	ODP	主要毒性分解产物（微水）	相对绝缘性能
SF₆	无	-64	无	3200a	25200	0	HF、SOF₂等	1
N₂	无	-196	无	—	0	0	无	0.38
CO₂	无	-78.5	无	5-200a	1	0	无	0.35
c-C₄F₈	低	-8	无	3200a	8700	0	HF等	1.27
CF₃I	低	-22.5	无	0.005a	1～5	0	HF等	1.2
C₅F₁₀O	无	26.5	无	0.042a	1	0	COF₂等	2
C₄F₇N	低	-4.7	无	30a	2100	0	氰化物、HF等	2.1

方法	优点	缺点
深冷提纯（液化法）	方法简单	效率低，对分解产物分离效果差
膜分离法	常温进行、无相态变化、无化学变化、选择性好、适应性强，能耗低	膜易堵塞，维护费用高，操作复杂
吸附提纯法	吸附剂种类多，可进行选择性吸附	吸附饱和无明显现象，更换频率不易确定；仅适用于低浓度SF₆
精馏提纯法	利用相对挥发度的不同，可较容易将SF₆与其他组分分离	操作条件要求高

方法	优点	缺点
深冷提纯（液化法）	方法简单	效率低，对分解产物分离效果差
膜分离法	常温进行、无相态变化、无化学变化、选择性好、适应性强，能耗低	膜易堵塞，维护费用高，操作复杂
吸附提纯法	吸附剂种类多，可进行选择性吸附	吸附饱和无明显现象，更换频率不易确定；仅适用于低浓度SF₆
精馏提纯法	利用相对挥发度的不同，可较容易将SF₆与其他组分分离	操作条件要求高

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Current SF₆ emission, emission reduction and future prospects under “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”

“双碳”目标下SF₆排放现状、减排手段分析及未来展望

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