Abstract:

Iron oxides nanoparticles could efficiently remove a variety of organic and inorganic pollutants from water, but its practical application in water treatment is limited by the problems of aggregation, deactivation and loss. As a new category of porous materials, biochar (BC) is characterized by a large surface area, stable carbon matrix and wide availability of the necessary feedstock with low-cost, which makes it a good candidate as supporter to load iron oxides nanoparticles. Biochar supported iron oxides composites (iron oxides/BC) exhibits a great potential in decontamination of water, and has recently attracted significant scientific interests. In this work, the preparation methods of iron oxides/BC as well as the application, mechanism and influencing factors of adsorption, catalytic oxidation to remove phosphorus, organic pollutants, heavy metals and arsenic in water were mainly introduced and summarized. In addition, its application in sludge dewatering, photocatalytic disinfection was also introduced. Furthermore, future research emphasis and direction of iron oxides/BC, in terms of further improving contaminants removal performance, economic and technical feasibility of practical application, and expanding the application field of the materials, were suggested.

Key words: iron oxides nanoparticles, biochar, water treatment, adsorption, catalytic oxidation

摘要：

纳米铁氧化物能够更高效地去除水中多种有机和无机污染物质，但易团聚失活、易流失等问题限制了其在水处理中的实际应用。生物炭（biochar，BC）作为一种新型的多孔材料具有比表面积大、碳结构稳定、原料来源广、成本低等优点，是负载纳米铁氧化物的理想载体。近年来，BC负载铁氧化物复合材料（铁氧化物/BC）在水处理领域表现出巨大的应用潜力而备受关注。本文重点介绍和总结了铁氧化物/BC的制备方法，及其吸附、催化氧化去除水中磷、有机污染物、重金属及砷的应用、机理和影响因素；并介绍了其在污泥脱水、光催化消毒等水处理环节的应用。在此基础上，从进一步提高去除污染物性能、实际应用经济和技术可行性、扩展材料应用范围等方面提出了今后研究的方向。

关键词: 纳米铁氧化物, 生物炭, 水处理, 吸附, 催化氧化