流体动力学过程在流动腐蚀行为中的作用机制

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0679

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在流动体系中，流场作用对腐蚀行为中的力学、离子传质以及界面反应等过程有着复杂的耦合影响，不同金属材料、不同溶液环境下流体流动发挥的作用也复杂多变，这些因素加剧了流动环境下的腐蚀机理研究的困难性。本文综述了流动腐蚀的研究现状，包括流动对腐蚀过程的影响机制、流动腐蚀研究的实验装置以及流动腐蚀中的关键影响因素，着重分析了流动通过改变腐蚀反应物/产物的质量传输速率对腐蚀反应动力学的影响机制，以及流动的剪切力作用对壁面产物膜的形成/破坏动力学过程的影响。提出了流动腐蚀在腐蚀界面演化与流场的交互作用、时空尺度跨度、流场-离子传质-界面反应的多场耦合联系以及不同流体力学参数匹配性等方面有待解决的问题，展望了流动腐蚀的发展方向。

关键词: 腐蚀, 流体动力学, 传质, 界面反应, 腐蚀产物膜

Abstract:

In the flow system, the flow field has a complex interaction with the mechanics, ion mass transfer and interface reaction of the corrosion behavior, and the effect of fluid flow is also complex and variable regarding to different metal materials under different solution environments, which aggravates the difficulty of investigating the corrosion mechanism in the flow environment. In this paper, the status of research on flow corrosion is comprehensively discussed, including the influencing mechanism of flow on the corrosion process, the experimental devices for flow corrosion research and the key factors in the flow corrosion. In particular, the effect of flow on corrosion reaction kinetics is analyzed from two aspects: changing the mass transfer rate of corrosion reactants/products, altering the flow shear stress being associated with the formation/damage kinetics of wall products films. The problems to be solved are put forward, including the interaction of corrosion interface evolution and flow dynamics, the discrepancy in the spatial and temporal scale, the multi-field coupling relation as well as the matching of different hydrodynamic parameters in flow corrosion and the further development trend is also proposed.

Key words: corrosion, hydrodynamics, mass transfer, interface reaction, corrosion product film

中图分类号:

TK17

王凯, 南翠红, 卢金玲. 流体动力学过程在流动腐蚀行为中的作用机制[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(S2): 8-18.

Kai WANG, Cuihong NAN, Jinling LU. Mechanism of hydrodynamic process in flow corrosion behavior[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(S2): 8-18.

图/表 4

图1 氧化膜表面和局部腐蚀坑内的流型示意图[4]

图2 流动对腐蚀速率的影响[5]

图3 流动边界层与传质边界层的关系[10]

图4 X65钢在转速为1000r/min、含油量为10％的溶液中不同腐蚀时间后的奈奎斯特图[58]

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