石墨烯-13X/LiCl复合吸附剂开式吸附-解吸性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0574

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用不同质量分数的石墨烯（MLG）与13X/LiCl合成新型复合吸附剂。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和N₂吸附表征复合吸附剂的微观形貌和孔隙特性，测试了复合吸附剂开式环境下的水蒸气吸附及解吸性能，并探究复合吸附剂中石墨烯质量分数对吸附解吸性能的影响。通过80%相对湿度（RH）的高湿工况进一步筛选出盐的质量分数为18.4%的13X/LiCl为最佳盐含量的吸附剂（MZ）作为合成复合吸附剂的基质。实验结果表明：石墨烯增加了复合吸附剂的结构性参数（比表面积，孔体积及孔径），其中比表面积由未添加石墨烯的MZ [(262±3)g/m²]，最大可提升至12G-MZ [(304±4)g/m²]；复合吸附剂表现出优异的水蒸气吸附性能，所有复合吸附剂的相对吸附量均高于MZ（0.554g/g），3G-MZ吸附性能最佳，水蒸气吸附量高达0.587g/g，是13X的2.7倍；除12G-MZ外，随着吸附剂中石墨烯质量分数的增加，水蒸气解吸率随之增加，其中9G-MZ的解吸率接近90%，较MZ（81.8%）提升了9.7%。该研究可为复合吸附剂应用于吸附空气取水提供基础研究数据。

关键词: 复合材料, 吸附剂, 石墨烯, 吸附, 解吸, 空气取水

Abstract:

The novel composite adsorbents were synthesized by different contents of graphene (MLG) and 13X/LiCl. The microscopic morphology and pore characteristics of the composite adsorbents were characterized by SEM and N₂adsorption. The water vapor adsorption and desorption performances of the composite adsorbents in open environment were tested, and the effect of the amount of graphene added on the adsorption and desorption performances of the composite adsorbent was explored. Under the condition of 80% RH high humidity, 13X/LiCl with 18.4% salt content was selected as the best adsorbent (MZ) and served as the matrix for the synthesis of composite adsorbents. The experimental results showed that graphene increased the textural parameters (specific surface area, pore volume and pore size) of composite adsorbents. Except for 12G-MZ, the textural parameters of the composite adsorbents increased with the increase of graphene content. The composite adsorbents exhibited excellent water vapor adsorption performance. The relative adsorption capacity of all composite adsorbents was higher than MZ (0.554g/g). 3G-MZ had the best adsorption performance, and its water vapor adsorption capacity was as high as 0.587g/g, 2.7 times of 13X. In addition to 12G-MZ, as the graphene increased, the water vapor desorption ratio increased. The desorption ratio of 9G-MZ was close to 90%, which was 9.7% higher than MZ (81.8%). This experiment can provide basic research data for the usage of composite adsorbents in adsorption harvesting water from atmospheric air.

Key words: composites, adsorbents, graphene, adsorption, desorption, water harvest from air

中图分类号:

TK01⁺9

赵惠忠, 刘涛, 黄天厚, 雷敏, 张敏. 石墨烯-13X/LiCl复合吸附剂开式吸附-解吸性能[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(2): 969-976.

Huizhong ZHAO, Tao LIU, Tianhou HUANG, Min LEI, Min ZHANG. Open adsorption-desorption performance of graphene-13X/LiCl composite adsorbents[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(2): 969-976.

图/表 13

图1 复合吸附剂的制备流程

表1 13X/LiCl命名及具体比例参数

材料命名	盐溶液LiCl质量分数/%	吸附剂LiCl质量分数/%
20XL	20.0	9.6
25XL	25.0	13.4
30XL	30.0	18.4
35XL	35.0	23.3
40XL	40.0	30.6
45.5XL	45.5（饱和）	34.8

表2 复合吸附剂的比例参数

材料命名	MZ质量分数γ/%	MLG质量分数μ/%
MZ	100	0
3G-MZ	97	3
6G-MZ	94	6
9G-MZ	91	9
12G-MZ	88	12

图2 6种不同LiCl质量分数的13X/LiCl吸附剂在25°C、80% RH下800min内的水蒸气吸附量

图3 30XL、35 XL、40 XL、45.5 XL 吸附完成后的形态

图4 复合吸附剂的SEM图像

图5 吸附剂的N2吸附-解吸等温线

表3 吸附剂的结构参数

样品	S_BET/m²·g^-1	V_BJH/cm³·g^-1	D_av/nm
13X	761±9	0.32	1.7
MZ	262±3	0.12	1.8
3G-MZ	276±3	0.16	2.3
6G-MZ	301±4	0.23	3.1
9G-MZ	298±4	0.24	3.3
12G-MZ	304±4	0.16	2.1

图6 吸附剂比表面积、孔体积、平均孔径的变化趋势

图7 吸附剂在25℃、60% RH下水蒸气吸附性能

图8 基于MZ质量的复合吸附剂相对吸附量

图9 吸附剂在80℃，20% RH下水蒸气解吸性能

图10 吸附剂水蒸解吸量和解吸残余量占吸附量的比率

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