玉米芯与鸡粪混合发酵提高甲烷发酵性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-2117

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高玉米芯和鸡粪厌氧发酵甲烷产率，研究了玉米芯和鸡粪混合发酵性能。实验结果表明，玉米芯与鸡粪最佳混合比为5∶1，沼气和甲烷产率最高，分别是200mg/g和121.2mL/g（玉米芯/鸡粪，VS，下同)，与单一鸡粪厌氧发酵相比，沼气产量提高了700%，玉米芯与鸡粪混合发酵有助于更多的生物质向甲烷转化。玉米芯与鸡粪在最佳比例下混合发酵时挥发性脂肪酸（VFAs）最高达2.56g/L，乙酸在VFAs中起主导作用。适当的鸡粪添加有助于体系氨氮含量增大和甲烷菌活性提高，过多鸡粪添加不利于甲烷总产量的提高。氨氮与VFAs的中和作用促进了体系的pH稳定。底物进料量对沼气产率有明显的影响，混合底物进料量为50g/L时总产气量最高，为7800mL，对应的甲烷体积分数为68.7%，而进料量为20g/L时沼气产率和甲烷产率最高，分别为325mg/g和184.3mL/g。玉米芯与鸡粪混合发酵能够改善碳氮底物（C/N）的发酵比、提高微量金属元素含量，是甲烷产率提高的主要原因。

关键词: 玉米芯, 鸡粪, 甲烷, 厌氧发酵, 氨氮

Abstract:

To improve the biomethane yield of corncob and fowl dung, anaerobic co-digestion of corncob and fowl dung was investigated. Results showed that the highest biogas and methane yields were obtained at the ratio of 5∶1 (corncob/fowl dung, based on VS), corresponding to 200.0mg/g and 121.2mL/g, respectively. The biogas production of co-digestion was improved by 700% in comparison of single digestion of fowl dung. Anaerobic co-digestion of corncob and fowl dung benefits the conversion of biomass to methane. With the optimum corncob/fowl dung of 5∶1, the highest VFAs were 2.56g/L, which was dominated by acetate. Appropriate addition of fowl dung was in favor of increasing ammonia concentration as well as the activity of methanogen. However, excessive addition of fowl dung would reduce the total biomethane production. The neutralization of ammonia with VFAs maintained the co-digestion system in stable condition. The amount of feedstock could significantly influence the biogas yield. The highest biogas yield could be achieved at the loading of 50g/L. The corresponding biogas production and methane content of 7800mL and 68.7%, respectively. However, the biogas yield and methane yield were the highest when feeding was 20g/L, which were 325mg/g and 184.3mL/g, respectively. The C/N ratio could be optimized and the concentration of trace elements could be enriched by co-digestion of corncob and fowl dung, resulting in the improvement of methane yield.

Key words: corncob, fowl dung, methane, anaerobic digestion, ammonia

中图分类号:

X712

田玉菲, 杨莉, 周鸣人, 张存胜. 玉米芯与鸡粪混合发酵提高甲烷发酵性能[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(06): 2898-2904.

Yufei TIAN, Li YANG, Mingren ZHOU, Cunsheng ZHANG. Research on performance improvement of biomethane via codigestion of corncob and fowl dung[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(06): 2898-2904.

图/表 7

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组别	玉米芯∶鸡粪（VS比）	产气率 /mL·g^-1	产甲烷率 /mL·g^-1	CH₄体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%
1	1∶0	187.5±10.3	120.9±3.0	64.5±2.0	35.5±2.0
2	5∶1	200.0±9.8	121.2±2.8	60.6±1.6	39.4±1.6
3	3∶1	156.3±8.6	104.8±4.9	67.0±0.6	33.0±0.6
4	1∶1	102.5±6.3	88.6±2.3	86.5±3.2	13.5±3.2
5	1∶3	50.0±2.1	34.9±0.4	69.9±2.1	30.1±2.1
6	1∶5	52.5±2.6	43.1±0.7	82.1±2.8	17.9±2.8
7	0∶1	25.0±1.0	22.7±0.2	90.7±4.6	9.3±4.6

组别	玉米芯∶鸡粪（VS比）	产气率 /mL·g^-1	产甲烷率 /mL·g^-1	CH₄体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%
1	1∶0	187.5±10.3	120.9±3.0	64.5±2.0	35.5±2.0
2	5∶1	200.0±9.8	121.2±2.8	60.6±1.6	39.4±1.6
3	3∶1	156.3±8.6	104.8±4.9	67.0±0.6	33.0±0.6
4	1∶1	102.5±6.3	88.6±2.3	86.5±3.2	13.5±3.2
5	1∶3	50.0±2.1	34.9±0.4	69.9±2.1	30.1±2.1
6	1∶5	52.5±2.6	43.1±0.7	82.1±2.8	17.9±2.8
7	0∶1	25.0±1.0	22.7±0.2	90.7±4.6	9.3±4.6

组别	混合底物进料量 /g·L^-1	产气率 /mL·g^-1	产甲烷率 /mL·g^-1	CH₄体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%
1	10	193.8±12.2	159.1±5.7	82.1±2.3	17.9±2.3
2	20	325.0±11.2	184.3±2.5	56.7±1.2	43.3±1.2
3	30	229.2±9.8	160.0±1.4	69.8±3.7	30.2±3.7
4	40	198.4±11.8	163.9±4.2	82.6±2.9	17.4±2.9
5	50	195.0±10.7	134.0±2.8	68.7±2.4	31.3±2.4

组别	混合底物进料量 /g·L^-1	产气率 /mL·g^-1	产甲烷率 /mL·g^-1	CH₄体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%
1	10	193.8±12.2	159.1±5.7	82.1±2.3	17.9±2.3
2	20	325.0±11.2	184.3±2.5	56.7±1.2	43.3±1.2
3	30	229.2±9.8	160.0±1.4	69.8±3.7	30.2±3.7
4	40	198.4±11.8	163.9±4.2	82.6±2.9	17.4±2.9
5	50	195.0±10.7	134.0±2.8	68.7±2.4	31.3±2.4

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