部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺联合形式、应用及脱氮效能评析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.08.038

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺与传统生物脱氮工艺相比具有一定优势,但该联合工艺是否一定优于传统生物脱氮工艺尚需论证。本文介绍了部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺的组合形式、特点和处理实际废水的研究进展,从脱氮速率、能耗及碳源的角度将部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺与传统生物脱氮工艺进行对比分析。指出部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺具有不需要额外投加有机碳源的优点;部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺虽然在曝气方面可以节省能耗,但是其中温反应需要一定的热能消耗,综合分析其处理能耗高于传统生物脱氮工艺;同时该联合工艺的整体脱氮速率与传统生物脱氮工艺相比差别不大。据此提出在选择生物脱氮工艺时需要考虑废水的碳氮比,碳氮比高时可以采用传统生物脱氮工艺,碳氮比低时可以考虑使用部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺。

关键词: 环境, 废水, 部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺, 厌氧, 脱氮速率

Abstract: This study introduced the combination, characteristics and research progress of partial nitritation-anammox. Partial nitritation-anammox process and traditional biological denitrification process were compared in nitrogen removal rate, energy consumption and carbon source. Although partial nitritation-anammox process doesn't require organic carbon, its energy consumption is higher than traditional biological denitrification process due to heating and aeration. The difference between nitrogen removal rate of partial nitritation-anammox and traditional biological denitrification process is not significant. Carbon to nitrogen ratio of wastewater needs to be considered when choosing denitrification process. Traditional biological denitrification process is more suitable for high carbon to nitrogen ratio, and combined process is more suitable for low carbon to nitrogen ratio.

Key words: environment, waste water, partial nitritation-anammox, anaerobic, nitrogen removal rate

中图分类号:

X703

崔剑虹, 李祥, 黄勇. 部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺联合形式、应用及脱氮效能评析[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(08): 3142-3146.

CUI Jianhong, LI Xiang, HUANG Yong. Evaluation of combination, application and nitrogen removal efficiency of partial nitritation-anammox process[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(08): 3142-3146.

参考文献

[1] Lackner Susanne, Gilbert Eva M, Vlaeminck Siegfried E, et al. Full-scale partial nitritation/anammox experiences-An application survey[J]. Water Research, 2014, 55: 292-303.
[2] Kartal B, Kuenen J G, van Loosdrecht M C M. Sewage treatment with anammox[J]. Science, 2010, 328(5979): 702-703.
[3] Guo J H, Wang S Y, Huang H J, et a1. Efficient and integrated start-up strategy for partial nitrification to nitrite treating low C/N domestic wastewater[J]. Water Sci. Technol., 2009, 60(12): 3243-3251.
[4] Van Dongen, Jetten M S M, van Loosdrecht M C M. The sharon-knammox process for treatment of ammonium rich wastewater[J]. Water Sci. Techno1., 2001, 44: 153-160.
[5] Park S, Bae W, Rittmann B E. Operational boundaries for nitrite accumulation in nitrification based on minimum/maximum substrate concentrations that include effects of oxygen limitation, pH and free ammonia and free nitrous acid inhibition[J]. Environment Science and Technology, 2010, 44: 335-342.
[6] 于德爽, 殷金, 王晓霞. 控制DO及FA条件下短程硝化过程系统稳定性研究[J]. 环境工程学报, 2011, 5(12): 2677-2680.
[7] Xu Z Y, Zeng G M, Yang Z H, et a1. Biological treatment of landfill leachate with the integration of partial nitrification anaerobic ammonium oxidation and heterotrophic denitrification[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101: 79-86.
[8] Yang J C, Zhang L, Daisuke H, et a1. High rate partial nitrification treatment of reject wastewater[J]. Journal of Bioscienee and Bioengineering, 2010, 110(4): 436-440.
[9] 杨洋, 左剑恶, 沈平, 等. 温度、pH值和有机物对厌氧氨氧化污泥活性的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2006, 27(4): 691-695.
[10] 王勇, 黄勇, 袁怡, 等. 厌氧氨氧化无纺滤布生物膜反应器的运行[J]. 环境工程学报, 2009, 3(6): 1015-1018.
[11] Tang C J, Zheng P, Wang C H, et al. Performance of high-loaded ANAMMOX UASB reactors containing granular sludge[J]. Water Research, 2011, 45: 135-144.
[12] Ma Bin, Zhang Shujun, Zhang Liang, et al. The feasibility of using a two-stage autotrophic nitrogen removal process to treat sewage[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102: 8331-8334.
[13] Sri Shalini S, Kurian Joseph. Start-up of the SHARON and ANAMMOX process in landfill bioreactors using aerobic and anaerobic ammonium oxidising biomass[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 149: 474-485.
[14] 孙红芳, 吕永涛, 白平, 等. 短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化联合工艺处理含氨废水的研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2009, 25(3): 37-41.
[15] Fux C, Huang D, Monti A, et a1. Difficulties in maintaining long-term partial nitritation of ammonium-rich sludge digester liquids in a moving-bed biofilm reactor(MBBR)[J]. Water Science and Technology, 2004, 49(11-12): 53-60.
[16] 李祥, 张大林, 黄勇, 等. 气升装置对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(9): 3449-3454.
[17] 张杰, 付昆明, 曹相生, 等. 序批式生物膜CANON工艺的运行与温度的影响[J]. 中国环境科学, 2009, 29(8): 850-855.
[18] Vlaeminck S E, Terada A, smets B F, et a1. Nitrogen removal from digested black water by one-stage partial nitritation and anammox[J]. Environment Science and Technology, 2009, 43: 5035-5041.
[19] Zhang Xiaojing, Li Dong, Liang Yuhai, et al. Autotrophic nitrogen removal from domestic sewage in MBR-CANON system and the biodiversity of functional microbes[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 150: 113-120.
[20] Gilbert Eva M, Agrawal Shelesh, Karst Søren M, et al. Low temperature partial Nitritation/Anammox in a moving bed biofilm reactor treating low strength wastewater[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48: 8784-8792.
[21] Persson Frank, Sultana Razia, Suarez Marco, et al. Structure and composition of biofilm communities in a moving bed biofilm reactor for nitritation-anammox at low temperatures[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 154: 267-273.
[22] 刘杰, 杨洋, 左剑恶, 等. 亚硝化与厌氧氨氧化串联工艺处理高氮低碳废水的研究进展[J]. 中国沼气, 2009, 27(3): 13-18.
[23] 陈亚坤, 陈繁荣, 李翔宇. 部分消化-厌氧氨氧化反应器处理养猪场废水的模拟实验研究[J]. 水处理技术, 2013, 39(9): 104-108.
[24] 吕鑑, 孟凡能, 张树军, 等. 半短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化处理污泥消化液的脱氮研究[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2011, 37(11): 1737-1742.
[25] Liu Jie, Zou Jian'e, Yang Yang, et al. An autotrophic nitrogen removal process: Short-cut nitrification combined ANAMMOX for treating diluted effluent from an UASB reactor fed by landfill leachate[J]. Environmental Sciences, 2010, 22(5): 777-783.
[26] 丁爽, 唐崇俭, 郑平, 等. 厌氧氨氧化工艺脱氮机理和抑制因素的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2010, 29(9): 1754-1759.
[27] 郝晓地, 仇付国, van der Star W RL, 等. 厌氧氨氧化技术工程化的全球现状及展望[J]. 中国给水排水, 2007, 23(18): 15-19.
[28] Shalini S. Sri, Joseph Kurian. Nitrogen management in landfill leachate: Application of SHARON, ANAMMOX and combined SHARON-ANAMMOX process[J]. Waste Management, 2012, 32: 2385-2400.
[29] Li Wei, Zheng Ping, Wang Lan, et al. Physical characteristics and formation mechanism of denitrifying granular sludge in high-load reactor[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 142: 683-687.
[30] Obaja D, Mace S, Costa J, et al. Nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal in piggery wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2003, 87: 103-111.
[31] 孙英杰, 张携超, 胡跃城. 亚硝酸型硝化的控制途径[J]. 中国给水排水, 2002, 18(6): 29-31.
[32] 卢俊平, 杜兵, 张志, 等. 高氨氮废水稳定亚硝化技术研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2010, 26(11): 80-83.
[33] Durán U, Val del Río A, Campos J L, et al. Enhanced ammonia removal at room temperature by pH controlled partial nitrification and subsequent anaerobic ammonium oxidation[J]. Environmental Technology, 2014, 35(4): 383-390.
[34] 吴迪, 李冬, 仲航, 等. 常温CSTR半亚硝化启动与稳定运行试验研究[J]. 中国给水排水, 2013, 29(15): 5-9.
[35] 陈益明. SBR反应器实现半亚硝化的启动策略[J]. 厦门大学学报: 自然科学版, 2013, 52(2): 232-236.
[36] 张树军, 马富国, 曹相生. 低C/N高氨氮消化污泥脱水液部分亚硝化研究[J]. 环境科学, 2009, 30(6): 1695-1700.
[37] Xing Baoshan, Ji Yuxin, Yang Guangfeng, et al. Start-up and stable operation of partial nitritation prior to ANAMMOX in an internal-loop airlift reactor[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2013, 120: 458-466.
[38] 薛源, 杨凤林, 刘思彤. 膜生物反应器亚硝化性能的影响因素研究[J]. 环境科学, 2009, 30(9): 2630-2634.
[39] van der Star Wouter R L, Abma Wiebe R, Blommers Dennis, et al. Startup of reactors for anoxic ammonium oxidation: Experiences from the first full-scale anammox reactor in Rotterdam[J]. Water Research, 2007(41): 4149 -4163.
[40] 马富国, 张树军, 曹相生, 等. 部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化耦合工艺处理污泥脱水液[J]. 中国环境科学, 2009, 29(2): 219-224.
[41] Xu Xiaochen, Xue Yuan, Wang Dong, et al. The development of a reverse anammox sequencing partial nitrification process for simultaneous nitrogen and COD removal from wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 155: 427-431.
[42] Daverey Achlesh, Su Sin-Han, Huang Yu-Tzu, et al. Partial nitrification and anammox process: A method for high strength optoelectronic industrial wastewater treatment[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47: 2929-2937.
[43] Okabe Satoshi, Oshiki Mamoru, Takahashi Yoshitaka, et al. Development of long-term stable partial nitrification and subsequent anammox process[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2011, 102: 6801-6807.
[44] Isaka Kazuichi, Kimura Yuya, Yamamoto Tomoko, et al. Complete autotrophic denitrification in a single reactor using nitritation and anammox gel carriers[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 147: 96-101.
[45] Li Huosheng, Zhou Shaoqi, Weihao Mae, et al. Long-term performance and microbial ecology of a two-stage PN-ANAMMOX process treating mature landfill leachate[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 159: 404-411.
[46] 曹建平, 杜兵, 刘寅, 等. 常温亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺对淀粉废水生物脱氮的研究[J]. 给水排水, 2008, 34(11): 175-179.
[47] 李冬, 邱文新, 张男, 等. 常温ANAMMOX工艺运行性能及功能菌研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2013, 33(1): 56-62.
[48] 唐林平, 李小明, 曾光明, 等. 短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化联合工艺的经济特性分析[J]. 净水技术, 2008, 27(2): 4-6, 14.
[49] Tang C J, Zheng P, Wang C H, et a1. Suppression of anaerobic ammonium oxidizers under high organic content in high-rate Anammox UASB reactor[J]. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(6): 1762-1768.