化工进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (11): 4030-4034,4058.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.11.034

• 精细化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

系列反应型阳离子Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能

张光华, 秦松, 黄凤萍, 相瑞, 何志琴   

  1. 陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂化学与技术重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710021
  • 收稿日期:2015-03-03 修回日期:2015-03-18 出版日期:2015-11-05 发布日期:2015-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 张光华(1962—),男,博士,教授、博士生导师。E-mailZhanggh@sust.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:张光华(1962—),男,博士,教授、博士生导师。E-mailZhanggh@sust.edu.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(2010JS055)。

Synthesis and performance of a series of reactive cationic gemini surfactants

ZHANG Guanghua, QIN Song, HUANG Fengping, XIANG Rui, HE Zhiqin   

  1. Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry &Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science &Technology, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2015-03-03 Revised:2015-03-18 Online:2015-11-05 Published:2015-11-05

摘要: 通过三步反应,以甲基丙烯酸二甲氨基乙酯(DM)、环氧氯丙烷(ECH)和3种长链烷基叔胺(十二烷基叔胺、十四烷基叔胺、十六烷基叔胺)为主要原料,合成了3种反应型阳离子Gemini 表面活性剂,即C12-3(OH)-DM、C14-3(OH)-DM和C16-3(OH)-DM。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、核磁共振仪(1H NMR)和元素分析仪表征了目标产物结构,通过 DCTA21 表面界面张力仪测定其在水溶液中的表面张力、临界胶束浓度(cmc)以及其热力学常数,并测定了其水溶液的乳化性能和泡沫性能。结果表明:与传统单子季铵盐型表面活性剂相比,Gemini 表面活性剂Cm-3(OH)-DM(m=12,14,16)具有更高的表面活性,其临界胶束浓度(cmc)分别为 0.0265mmol/L、0.0169mmol/L、0.0083mmol/L,对应的表面张力γcmc分别为 32.1mN/m、30.1mN/m、27.7mN/m。

关键词: Gemini 表面活性剂, 反应型, 阳离子, 合成, 表面性能

Abstract: Three reactive cationic Gemini surfactants, C12-3(OH)-DM, C14-3(OH)-DM and C16-3(OH)- DM, were synthesized through three-step reaction using 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DM), Epichlorohydrin (ECH) and three kinds of long chain alkyl tertiary amine(N, N-dimethyldodecylamine, N, N-Dimethyltetradecylamine and N, N-dimethylhexadecylamine) as main raw material. The structure of Gemini surfactants was confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis, and their abilities to lower water surface tension and critical micelle concentrations (cmc) were also evaluated by surface tension measurement. Foaming and emulsification properties were also studied. The results showed that three reactive cationic Gemini surfactants Cm-3(OH)-DM(m=12, 14, 16)showed superior surface properties to conventional monomeric surfactant, and their critical micelle concentrations (cmc) were 0.0265mmol/L, 0.0169mmol/L and 0.0083mmol/L, γcmc were 32.1mN/m, 30.1mN/m and 27.7mN/m.

Key words: gemini surfactant, reactive, cationic, synthesis, surface performance

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