化工进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (07): 2222-2235.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.07.040

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温催化脱硝技术的研究进展

王鲁元, 程星星, 王志强, 张兴宇, 马春元   

  1. 山东大学能源与动力工程学院, 山东 济南 250061
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-01 修回日期:2016-01-23 出版日期:2016-07-05 发布日期:2016-07-05
  • 通讯作者: 程星星,副研究员,研究方向为燃煤污染脱除。E-mail:xcheng@sdu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:王鲁元(1988-),男,博士,研究方向为燃煤污染脱除。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然基金青年项目(51406104)及山东大学人才引进专项(2014HW024)。

Recent research progress in catalytic reduction of NOx at low temperature

WANG Luyuan, CHENG Xingxing, WANG Zhiqiang, ZHANG Xingyu, MA Chunyuan   

  1. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, Shandong, China
  • Received:2015-12-01 Revised:2016-01-23 Online:2016-07-05 Published:2016-07-05

摘要: 面对日益严重的环境问题,燃煤烟气催化脱硝技术得到了较快发展。针对目前应用较为广泛的选择性催化还原脱硝技术,本文从催化脱硝技术的机理出发综述了低温催化脱硝方面的研究进展,将低温催化脱硝技术分成两大类:低温氨法选择性催化还原脱硝技术和低温非氨法催化脱硝技术。在低温氨法选择性催化还原脱硝技中总结了金属氧化物催化剂、分子筛催化剂以及碳基催化剂等的反应机理和反应过程,揭示了影响脱硝效率的各种因素;低温非氨法催化脱硝技术中从反应方式出发,总结了NOx催化裂解技术、HC-SCR技术、NOx吸附-还原技术以及CO催化脱硝技术的研究进展,并对反应影响因素进行了综述。探索了各种催化剂的优势和不足之处:低温NH3-SCR技术具有选择性高、效率高的特点但是其还原剂价格较贵且存储运输较为困难;低温非氨法催化脱硝技术选择性差、效率低,但是还原剂价格低廉、易于制备,且在工艺方面改进时可以达到要求的效率。在此基础上本文展望了未来低温催化脱硝的研究方向:在降低脱硝成本的情况下改善催化脱硝工艺,大力发展氮氧化物吸附还原等技术。

关键词: 脱硝, 低温, 催化, 选择催化还原, 氮氧化物, 环境

Abstract: With the increasingly serious environmental problems, catalytic reduction technology of NOx in coal-fired flue gas has been developed rapidly. In view of the widely applied selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx technology, we reviewed the research of catalytic denitration at low temperature from their catalytic mechanism, and classified low-temperature catalytic denitration as low-temperature NH3-SCR and low-temperature catalytic denitration without NH3. Metal oxides catalysts, zeolite catalysts and carbon-based catalysts were summarized as NH3-SCR catalysts, and their catalytic mechanism were also reviewed. Low-temperature catalytic denitration without NH3 included HC-SCR, NOx catalytic decomposition, catalytic reduction by CO and NOx adsorption-reduction technology. Low temperature NH3-SCR had the advantages of high selectivity and efficiency but the cost of reductant was more as well as its storage and transportation were difficult. Low-temperature catalytic denitration without NH3 had low efficiency and selectivity, but its reductant was cheaper, easy produced and its efficiency was higher when the operation process was improved. In conclusion, low-temperature catalytic denitration technology should lower the cost and improve denitration process such as NOx storage-reduction technology in the future.

Key words: DeNOx, low temperature, catalysis, SCR, nitric oxides, environment

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