关键词: 燃料乙醇, 生物质, 纤维素, 合成气, 生物发酵

Abstract: Biofuel ethanol，which is regarded as one of the key alternative fuels in the future，has been playing on the central stage of automotive alternative field since the 1970s. In this paper，current development of fuel ethanol worldwide，as well as R&D history and policies is presented. Fuel ethanol production routes，including chemical methods (syngas and acetic acid hydrogenation) and bio-fermentation methods (grain fermentation，non-grain feedstock fermentation and fermentation for syngas) are analyzed. Commercial challenges and key factors influencing fuel ethanol industry progress are discussed. Suggestions on promoting fuel ethanol R&D and gearing up industry growth are proposed. Non-grain fuel ethanol industry development should come from strengthening supply chain，technology evolution，accelerating demonstration and optimizing product utilization.

Key words: fuel ethanol, biomass, cellulose, syngas, biological fermentation