关键词: 超级电容器, 电解质, 离子液体, 研究进展, 超级电容器, 电解质, 离子液体, 自放电

Abstract: This review provides a brief summary of recent research progress in currently available electrolytes，including aqueous electrolytes，organic electrolytes，ionic liquids，solid electrolytes and redox electrolytes for supercapacitor，as well as corresponding important theories and technologies. The performance comparison among aqueous electrolytes，organic electrolytes and ionic liquids as supercapacitor electrolyte was conducted，and the capacitor self-discharge caused by shuttle effect of impure ion was also discussed. It indicates that the investigation on low-viscosity，high-conductivity and high electrochemical stability ionic liquid electrolyte is very important fundamental research and such electrolyte is expected to be the substitute for organic electrolytes. Additionally，the combination and optimization of ionic liquid and organic solvents mixture for supercapacitor electrolyte also represent an application trend in the future.

Key words: Supercapacitor, Electrolyte, Ionic liquid, Research progress, supercapacitor, electrolyte, ionic liquid, self-discharge