二维纳米材料混合基质膜在渗透汽化有机物分离的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0658

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 3324-3335.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0658

• 化工过程与装备 • 上一篇

二维纳米材料混合基质膜在渗透汽化有机物分离的研究进展

张磊¹(), 张新儒¹^,², 王永洪¹^,²(), 李晋平¹^,², 刘春波³

^1.太原理工大学化学与化工学院，山西太原 030024
^2.气体能源高效清洁利用山西省重点实验室，山西太原 030024
^3.云南中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心，云南省烟草化学重点实验室，云南昆明 650231

收稿日期:2024-04-18 修回日期:2024-05-20 出版日期:2025-06-25 发布日期:2025-07-08
通讯作者: 王永洪
作者简介:张磊（1998—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为膜分离技术。E-mail：15803504526@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(22078216);云南中烟科技项目(2021JC04);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-056);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2020-027);山西省自然科学基金面上项目(20210302123196)

Research progress of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes in organic pervaporation separation

ZHANG Lei¹(), ZHANG Xinru¹^,², WANG Yonghong¹^,²(), LI Jinping¹^,², LIU Chunbo³

^1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
^2.Shanxi Key Laboratory of Gas Energy Efficient and Clean Utilization, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
^3.Yunnan Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, R&D Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industry Co. , Ltd. , Kunming 650231, Yunnan, China

Received:2024-04-18 Revised:2024-05-20 Online:2025-06-25 Published:2025-07-08
Contact: WANG Yonghong

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

渗透汽化具有分离效率高、节能环保和操作简单等优点，在有机化合物分离领域具有广阔的应用前景，而关键技术是渗透汽化膜的设计和制备。二维纳米材料混合基质膜结合了聚合物膜和二维纳米材料的优点，是最有工业化应用前景的渗透汽化分离膜，成为了近年研究的热点。本文介绍了渗透汽化膜分离技术、有机物渗透汽化分离机理和评价方法、二维纳米材料混合基质膜的制备方法以及不同类型二维纳米材料混合基质膜在有机物分离领域的应用研究进展。结合渗透汽化膜分离机理、有机物的特性和工业化需求，提出开发新型结构、易制备和高选择性的二维纳米材料的设计思路；根据成膜原理和两相界面作用机制，提出有机物分离混合基质膜的制备方法；借助有机物分子与膜微结构的相互作用，结合计算辅助模拟技术，提出分离机理研究的新思路。

关键词: 渗透汽化, 二维纳米材料, 有机化合物, 分离膜, 传递过程

Abstract:

Pervaporation (PV) has a promising application in the field of organic separation because of high separation efficiency, energy conservation, environmental protection and simple operation, while the key technology is the design and preparation of pervaporation membrane. The two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes combined advantages of both polymer membrane and two-dimensional nanomaterial, which has good industrial application prospect in pervaporation separation membrane, and thus it becomes the research hotspot. This paper introduced the pervaporation separation technology, organic pervaporation separation mechanism and the preparation methods of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes, and the different types of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes in the field of organic separation were presented. According to the separation mechanism of pervaporation, the characteristics of organic and the demand of industrialization, the development of two-dimensional nanomaterials with new structure, easy preparation and high selectivity was proposed. According to the film-forming principle and two phases interfacial interaction mechanism, the preparation method of mixed matrix membrane for organic separation was suggested. Based on the interactions between organic molecules and membrane microstructure, a new idea for the study of separation mechanism was proposed in combination with computer simulation technology.

Key words: pervaporation, two-dimensional nanomaterials, organic compounds, separation membranes, transport processes

中图分类号:

TQ028.8

张磊, 张新儒, 王永洪, 李晋平, 刘春波. 二维纳米材料混合基质膜在渗透汽化有机物分离的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(6): 3324-3335.

ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Xinru, WANG Yonghong, LI Jinping, LIU Chunbo. Research progress of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes in organic pervaporation separation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(6): 3324-3335.

图/表 9

图1 渗透汽化装置[10]

图2 溶解扩散模型

图3 微孔流模型[13]

图4 IL修饰GO的制备机理[18]

图5 PDMS/ZIF-8@GO混合基质膜乙醇回收[20]

表1 掺杂GO混合基质膜的渗透汽化有机物分离性能

膜种类	原料液类型	实验条件	总通量/g·m^-2·h^-1	分离因子	参考文献
PDMS/POSS@GO	乙醇/水	40℃，5%	1346	11	[21]
PIM/ODA-GO	丁醇/水	65℃，5%	541	33	[22]
PIM/ZIF-8-GO	丁醇/水	65℃，5%	7900	29	[23]
PDMS/Silica@GO	乙醇/水	30℃，10%	223	11	[24]
PI/GO	甲醇/叔丁基醚	45℃，14%	91	9	[25]
HPMA/GO	甲醇/叔丁基醚	40℃，10%	410	1250	[26]
PVA/GO	甲苯/正庚烷	30℃，50%	30.6	11.9	[27]
PVA/GO	甲苯/正庚烷	40℃，50%	27	12.9	[28]

图6 PDMS基质中P-CNT和rGO的自组装[31]

图7 CuBDC@GO复合材料的制备及乙酸丁酯在PDMS/CuBDC@GO混合基质膜中的扩散机理[41]

图8 沸石纳米片渗透蒸发法提取乙醇模拟系统和不同MFI纳米片膜的性能

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二维纳米材料混合基质膜在渗透汽化有机物分离的研究进展

Research progress of two-dimensional nanomaterial-based mixed matrix membranes in organic pervaporation separation

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