射流冲击纳米流体对半圆形螺旋通道传热特性的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0106

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高管式反应器外半圆形螺旋通道的换热效果，在传统螺旋通道壁面上设置了射流入口，采用三种纳米流体（CuO-H₂O、Al₂O₃-H₂O和TiO₂-H₂O）作为传热流体，基于Mixture混合模型探究了不同纳米流体在不同Re=10000~36000、不同射速比下对半圆形螺旋通道换热和流动特性的影响规律，并利用传热强化因子PEC_j0和PEC_j分别评价了半圆形螺旋通道增加射流前后的综合强化传热性能。研究结果表明：在射速比ε=0~5时，Al₂O₃-H₂O纳米流体的压降最大，CuO-H₂O纳米流体的压降最小。在ε=0时Al₂O₃-H₂O纳米流体的传热效果最好，其平均Nu数是H₂O的1.31倍。与ε=0相比，在ε=1~5工况下，螺旋通道平均Nu_m最高提升了52.01%。随着射速比的增加湍动能越大，射流与主流混合效果越好。各射速比工况下射流冲击的影响范围为0°≤θ_j≤50°，在ε=3时，螺旋通道产生三涡结构。PEC_j0随Re先增加后降低，在Re=20173时取得最大值，PEC_j随射速比的增大而增大。综合对比，射流冲击Al₂O₃-H₂O纳米流体对螺旋通道传热提升效果最佳。

关键词: 半圆形螺旋通道, 纳米流体, 射流, 强化传热, 数值模拟

Abstract:

To improve the heat exchange effect of the semicircular spiral channel outside the tubular reactor, a jet inlet was set on the wall of the traditional spiral channel. Three kinds of nanofluids (CuO-H₂O, Al₂O₃-H₂O and TiO₂-H₂O) were used as heat transfer fluids, respectively. Based on Mixture mixing model, the influence of different nanofluids on the heat exchange and flow characteristics of the semi-circular spiral channel at different Re(10000—36000) and jet velocity ratios was investigated. The heat transfer enhancement factors PEC_j0 and PEC_j were used to evaluate the comprehensive heat transfer enhancement before and after increasing the jet flow in the semi-circular spiral channel. The results showed that at the jet speed ratio ε=0—5, the pressure drop of Al₂O₃-H₂O nanofluids was highest, while that of CuO-H₂O nanofluids was lowest. Al₂O₃-H₂O nanofluids exhibited the best heat transfer performance at ε=0, with the average Nu number 1.31 times that of H₂O. Compared to ε=0, the average Nu_m of the spiral channel increased by 52.01% at ε=1—5. With the increased jet velocity ratio, the higher the turbulent kinetic energy, the better the mixing effect between jet fluid and main stream fluid. The influence range of jet fluid at each velocity ratio was 0°≤θ_j≤50°. When ε=3, the spiral channel generates three vortex structures. PEC_j0 increased first and then decreased with the rising Re, reaching its maximum value at Re=20173, while PEC_j increased with the rising jet velocity ratio. Overall, the heat transfer enhancement effect of jet impinging on Al₂O₃-H₂O nanofluids in spiral channels was the best in this study.

Key words: semicircular spiral channel, nanofluids, jet, enhanced heat transfer, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK124

王超, 王宗勇, 张伟, 韩旭, 刘磊, 付启慧. 射流冲击纳米流体对半圆形螺旋通道传热特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(12): 6207-6217.

WANG Chao, WANG Zongyong, ZHANG Wei, HAN Xu, LIU Lei, FU Qihui. Effect of jet impingement nanofluid on heat transfer characteristics of semicircular spiral channels[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(12): 6207-6217.

图/表 15

图1 管式反应器几何模型图

表1 纳米颗粒和水的参数取值

物质	密度ρ_p/kg∙m^-3	比热容c_p /J∙kg^-1∙K^-1	黏度μ_p/kg∙m^-1∙s^-1	热导率λ_p/W∙m^-1∙K^-1
H₂O	998.2	4182	0.001003	0.6
Al₂O₃	3600	765	—	36
CuO	6510	540	—	18
TiO₂	4260	216	—	6.5

图2 文献结果与数值模拟结果对比验证

图3 数值模拟结果与实验结果对比1—潜水泵；2—进水箱；3—球阀；4—流量计；5—U形压差计；6—进口温度计；7—圆形螺旋通道；8—出口温度计；9—出水箱；10—电加热带；11—电加热器

图4 不同种类纳米流体压降随雷诺数的变化

图5 θ=720°时截面温度分布云图

图6 不同种类纳米流体Nuj0随雷诺数的变化

图7 不同种类纳米流体的PECj0随雷诺数变化

图8 平均Num随射速比ε的变化

图9 横截面局部NuL数变化

图10 横截面温度分布图

图11 进出口压差∆pj随射速比ε的变化

图12 湍动能K随螺旋角θj的变化

图13 螺旋角θj=0°横截面二次流流线图

图14 PECj数随射速比ε的变化

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