圆盘式环路热管的启动特性及温度波动

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1971

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对环路热管启动与温度波动问题，采用烧结法制备了镍材毛细芯体，研究了环路热管系统在不同热负荷下的启动特性，分析了不同热负荷和充灌率对温度波动的影响，同时分析了系统变负荷运行特性以及在不同热负荷、充灌率下系统热阻变化情况。研究结果表明，热管在5~25W加热功率下均可成功启动，功率越大启动越迅速；低负荷下热管的蒸发效率远远小于冷凝效率，加热功率在20W左右时蒸发效率与冷凝效率相等；较小负荷下启动均存在温度波动，热负荷至20W后温度波动现象消失；相同条件下大充灌率温度波动明显；热阻随着热负荷的增加而减小，负荷越小对热阻的影响越大；在低负荷下，充灌率对热阻的影响较大，反之较小；实验条件下，充灌率为60%时热阻最小，系统传热最好。

关键词: 环路热管, 多孔介质, 启动, 温度波动, 热阻

Abstract:

To study the start-up characteristics and temperature fluctuation of the loop heat pipe, this paper prepared a nickel wick using a sintering method. The start-up characteristics of the loop heat pipe system under different thermal loads were explored, and the effects of different thermal loads and filling rates on temperature fluctuations were analyzed. Meanwhile, the system variable load operation characteristics and the system thermal resistance changes under various thermal loads and filling rates were investigated. Results showed that the heat pipe could be started successfully under 5—25W heating power, and the higher the power, the faster the start-up; under low load, the evaporation efficiency of the heat pipe was far less than the condensation efficiency, and the evaporation efficiency and condensation efficiency were equal with the heating power around 20W; temperature fluctuations existed under smaller load and disappear after the heat load reaching 20W; significant temperature fluctuations of large filling rate under the same conditions were observed; thermal resistance decreased with the increase of thermal load, and the smaller the load, the greater the impact on the thermal resistance; under low load, the filling rate had a greater impact on the thermal resistance, and vice versa; under experimental conditions, the minimum thermal resistance and the optimal system heat transfer were obtained when the filling rate was 60%.

Key words: loop heat pipe, porous media, start-up, temperature fluctuation, thermal resistance

中图分类号:

TK172.4

徐茂淯, 陶帅, 齐聪, 梁林. 圆盘式环路热管的启动特性及温度波动[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4531-4537.

XU Maoyu, TAO Shuai, QI Cong, LIANG Lin. Start-up and temperature fluctuation of loop heat pipe with flat disk evaporator[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4531-4537.

图/表 11

图1 环路热管实验系统示意图

图2 蒸发器示意图

图3 测温点示意图

图4 毛细芯的SEM图

表1 烧结双孔径毛细芯参数

材料

形状

颗粒直径

/μm

平均孔径

/μm

孔隙率

渗透率（K_p）

/×10¹¹m²

有效热导率

/W·(m·K)^-1

图5 烧结镍毛细芯环路热管启动特性图

图6 环路热管不同加热功率温度波动

图7 不同充灌率环路热管温度波动图

图8 环路热管变负荷温度特性

图9 环路热管热阻随功率变化图

图10 环路热管热阻随充灌率变化图

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