长/短HRT联合低/高曝气实现短程硝化反硝化脱氮除磷

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0200

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了实现从同步硝化反硝化除磷向短程硝化反硝化除磷颗粒的转变，以颗粒污泥为接种污泥，采用低C/N比的人工配水，通过长/短HRT下的低/高曝气强度交替策略驯化短程硝化反硝化除磷系统。本策略能够维持更高的游离亚硝酸（FNA）浓度和持续时间，在抑制好氧聚磷菌的同时富集反硝化聚磷菌（denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms, DPAOs）；此外，利用氨氧化菌与亚硝酸盐氧化菌（nitrite oxidizing bacteria, NOB）的亲氧能力差异产生亚氮积累，为DPAOs提供电子受体，最终实现短程硝化反硝化除磷。结果表明，第60天时采用低/高曝气策略的颗粒污泥中 $N O 2 -$ 型DPAOs占比达45%，NOB 活性下降至3.28mgN/(gMLVSS·h)。在处理低碳源污水时，低/高曝气强度模式相较于恒定曝气强度模式展现出了更强的适应性和稳定性。稳定期出水COD浓度在50mg/L以下，出水总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）浓度分别低于15mg/L和0.5mg/L，TN去除率达94.54%，TP平均去除率为96.90%。

关键词: 亚硝酸盐, 曝气强度, 游离亚硝酸, 短程硝化反硝化除磷

Abstract:

In order to realize simultaneous nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal turn to short-cut nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal, taking the particles as the inoculated sludge, the granular sludge was domesticated by using the artificial water distribution with low C/N ratio and the alternating strategy of low/high aeration intensity under long or short hydraulic retention time (HRT). This strategy could maintain higher FNA concentration and duration, inhibit phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) and enrich denitrifying phosphate accumulating organisms (DPAOs) at the same time. In addition, the difference of oxygen affinity between AOB and NOB was used to produce nitrous accumulation, providing electron acceptor for DPAOs, and finally, realize shortcut nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal. The results showed that the proportion of $N O 2 -$ -DPAOs in granular sludge with low/high aeration strategy was 45% and the activity of NOB decreased to 3.28mgN/(gMLVSS·h) on the 60th day. In the treatment of low-carbon source wastewater, the low/high aeration intensity mode showed stronger adaptability and stability than the constant aeration intensity mode. In the stable period, the effluent COD concentration was less than 50mg/L, the effluent TN and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were less than 15mg/L and 0.5mg/L, respectively. The TN removal rate was 94.54% and the average TP removal rate was 96.90%.

Key words: nitrite, aeration intensity, free nitrite acid, short-cut nitrification denitrifying phosphorus removal

中图分类号:

X703.1

李冬, 高鑫, 杨杰, 陈昊, 张杰. 长/短HRT联合低/高曝气实现短程硝化反硝化脱氮除磷[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(11): 6111-6119.

LI Dong, GAO Xin, YANG Jie, CHEN Hao, ZHANG Jie. Achieving shortcut nitrification and denitrification phosphorus removal relies on long/short HRT combined with a low/high aeration strategy[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(11): 6111-6119.

图/表 9

表1 反应器运行工况

反应器	周期	厌氧段 /min	好氧段 /min	缺氧段 /min	曝气量 /L·（h·L）^-1
R1	长HRT	160	185	105	8
R1	短HRT	80	95	55	8
R2	长HRT	160	185	105	4.5
R2	短HRT	80	95	55	8

表2 人工配水水质情况

COD

/mg·L^-1

$N H 4 +$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$N O 2 -$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$N O 3 -$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$P O 4 3 -$ -P

/mg·L^-1

表2 人工配水水质情况

COD

/mg·L^-1

$N H 4 +$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$N O 2 -$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$N O 3 -$ -N

/mg·L^-1

$P O 4 3 -$ -P

/mg·L^-1

150~200

50~55

0~2

7~8

7.6~8.0

表3 FNA抑制下吸磷批次实验

投加NO

2 -

-N /mg·L^-1

厌氧释磷P /mg·L^-1

缺氧吸磷

/mg·L^-1

好氧吸磷

/mg·L^-1

表3 FNA抑制下吸磷批次实验

投加NO

2 -

-N /mg·L^-1

厌氧释磷P /mg·L^-1

缺氧吸磷

/mg·L^-1

好氧吸磷

/mg·L^-1

47.05

34.82

45.18

49.61

33.74

40.37

47.94

29.56

33.79

图1 FNA对吸磷抑制作用的拟合

图2 不同曝气强度下长周期好氧段内NH4+、NO2-、NO3-、FNA、pH和DO浓度变化

图3 短周期好氧段内NH4+、NO2-、NO3-、pH和DO浓度变化

图4 运行过程不同反应器长、短周期的COD和TP浓度变化

图5 运行过程不同反应器长、短周期的氮素浓度变化

图6 运行期间聚磷菌、AOB和NOB活性变化情况

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