化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (S1): 293-306.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2574
孙国旗1(), 王维1, 宋兵2, 王亮1, 邵瑞琪1, 徐志伟1(), 罗仕刚3, 闫民杰3, 王立晶1, 钱晓明1
收稿日期:
2021-12-17
修回日期:
2022-01-26
出版日期:
2022-10-20
发布日期:
2022-11-10
通讯作者:
徐志伟
作者简介:
孙国旗(1997—),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为聚乙烯醇改性及应用。E-mail:18539563701@163.com。
基金资助:
SUN Guoqi1(), WANG Wei1, SONG Bing2, WANG Liang1, SHAO Ruiqi1, XU Zhiwei1(), LUO Shigang3, YAN Minjie3, WANG Lijing1, QIAN Xiaoming1
Received:
2021-12-17
Revised:
2022-01-26
Online:
2022-10-20
Published:
2022-11-10
Contact:
XU Zhiwei
摘要:
聚乙烯醇具有良好的使用性能和环境友好性能,是公认的绿色可降解材料。但聚乙烯醇分子结构高度规整,分子内和分子间存在强氢键作用,导致其熔点和热分解温度相近,热加工窗口窄,难以热塑加工成型,应用领域受限。本文以聚乙烯醇成品前后两个阶段为重点,系统介绍了近些年聚乙烯醇热塑改性的方法。文中指出,聚乙烯醇成品前期改性为共聚改性(改性单体为乙烯类单体、丙烯酸酯类单体和其他单体)以及调控聚合度、醇解度。而聚乙烯醇成品后期改性分为增塑改性(包括水及水复配增塑体系、多元醇类增塑体系、离子类物质增塑体系和多元酚类增塑体系)以及后反应改性。文中阐述了热塑改性原理,包括成品前期改性中聚乙烯醇空间位阻和空间规整度的变化,增塑改性中分子链间次价键力的相互作用以及后反应改性中聚乙烯醇网络状结构的形成。此外,对不同热塑改性路线优缺点进行了对比分析,详细介绍了不同改性物质与热加工性能之间的关系,为选择合适的方法制备热塑性聚乙烯醇提供一定的借鉴和参考。基于现有聚乙烯醇热塑改性方法及效果,提出了共聚改性和后反应改性将是聚乙烯醇未来发展的主要方向,以赋予其更加稳定的热加工性能,拓宽应用领域。
中图分类号:
孙国旗, 王维, 宋兵, 王亮, 邵瑞琪, 徐志伟, 罗仕刚, 闫民杰, 王立晶, 钱晓明. 聚乙烯醇热塑改性研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(S1): 293-306.
SUN Guoqi, WANG Wei, SONG Bing, WANG Liang, SHAO Ruiqi, XU Zhiwei, LUO Shigang, YAN Minjie, WANG Lijing, QIAN Xiaoming. Research progress of thermoplastic modification of polyvinyl alcohol[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(S1): 293-306.
多元酚类 化合物 | 添加量 /% | Tm /℃ | Td(失重5%) /℃ | 热加工窗口 /℃ |
---|---|---|---|---|
EA | 2 | 215 | 304 | 89 |
CA | 5 | 221.5 | 317 | 95.5 |
TA | 7 | 219 | 340 | 121 |
表1 不同多元酚类化合物热塑改性效果[54-56]
多元酚类 化合物 | 添加量 /% | Tm /℃ | Td(失重5%) /℃ | 热加工窗口 /℃ |
---|---|---|---|---|
EA | 2 | 215 | 304 | 89 |
CA | 5 | 221.5 | 317 | 95.5 |
TA | 7 | 219 | 340 | 121 |
改性方法 | 改性物质 | 添加量/% | 改性后Tm/℃ | 改性后Td/℃ | 热加工窗口/℃ | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
共聚乙烯类单体 | 长链乙烯酯 | 4 | 197 | 289.8 | 92.8 | [ |
共聚丙烯酸酯类单体 | 丙烯酸甲酯 | 20 | — | 260 | — | [ |
共聚其他单体 | DMAPMA | 1.5 | 210 | 279.9 | 69.9 | [ |
调控DP和DH (TPVA-1799) | 己内酰胺/ MgCl2·6H2O | 26.7 13.3 | 137 | 257 | 120 | [ |
水复配增塑体系 | 硼酸 | 3 | 101.9 | 299.3 | 197.4 | [ |
多元醇类增塑体系 | TMM/硬脂酸/己二酸 | 15/2/1 | 181.3 | 289.3 | 108 | [ |
离子类物质增塑体系 | DMC BF4IL | 0.6 3 | — | 317.8 322.2 | 约90 约100 | [ |
多元酚类增塑体系 | TA | 7 | 219 | 340 | 121 | [ |
后反应改性 | 3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇 | 20 | 132 | 251 | 119 | [ |
表2 不同改性方法的热塑性效果
改性方法 | 改性物质 | 添加量/% | 改性后Tm/℃ | 改性后Td/℃ | 热加工窗口/℃ | 文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
共聚乙烯类单体 | 长链乙烯酯 | 4 | 197 | 289.8 | 92.8 | [ |
共聚丙烯酸酯类单体 | 丙烯酸甲酯 | 20 | — | 260 | — | [ |
共聚其他单体 | DMAPMA | 1.5 | 210 | 279.9 | 69.9 | [ |
调控DP和DH (TPVA-1799) | 己内酰胺/ MgCl2·6H2O | 26.7 13.3 | 137 | 257 | 120 | [ |
水复配增塑体系 | 硼酸 | 3 | 101.9 | 299.3 | 197.4 | [ |
多元醇类增塑体系 | TMM/硬脂酸/己二酸 | 15/2/1 | 181.3 | 289.3 | 108 | [ |
离子类物质增塑体系 | DMC BF4IL | 0.6 3 | — | 317.8 322.2 | 约90 约100 | [ |
多元酚类增塑体系 | TA | 7 | 219 | 340 | 121 | [ |
后反应改性 | 3-氨基-1,2-丙二醇 | 20 | 132 | 251 | 119 | [ |
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