超临界水氧化能量回收系统的设计优化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2340

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超临界水氧化（SCWO）工艺非常适用于高浓度废液的处理。针对目前SCWO处理系统能耗大、能量回用方式单一的问题，介绍了传统工艺流程的能量回收方式，分析了系统能量利用效率，创新性地采用透平和有机朗肯循环（ORC）串联的方式分别对压力能和热能进行回收。利用Aspen Plus建立SCWO系统能量回收模型，研究不同工艺流程对系统能效、㶲效及输出功率的影响，在此基础上探讨透平的入口温度和出口压力、ORC的蒸发温度对系统性能的影响。结果表明：对反应产物依次进行压力能和热能回收为系统最佳能量回收方式；提高透平的入口温度和出口压力均可提高系统的性能，并同时提高透平输出功率的稳定性；降低ORC的蒸发温度会提高系统蒸汽产量，但同时也减少了可直接利用电能的产生量。

关键词: 超临界水氧化, 能量回收, 能量效率, ?效率, 设计

Abstract:

Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) process is suitable for the treatment of high concentration waste liquids. Aiming at the problems of high energy consumption and single energy reuse mode of SCWO treatment system, the energy recovery mode of traditional process flow is introduced, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is analyzed, and the turbine and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) are innovatively used to recover pressure energy and thermal energy, respectively. Aspen Plus was used to establish the energy recovery model of SCWO system to study the influence of different process flows on the system energy efficiency, efficiency and output power. On this basis, the effects of turbine inlet temperature and outlet pressure and orc evaporation temperature on system performance are discussed. The results show that the best energy recovery method is to recover the pressure energy and heat energy of the reaction products in turn. Increasing inlet temperature and outlet pressure of supercritical turbines can improve system performance and the stability of the turbine output power at the same time. Reducing the evaporation temperature of ORC will increase the steam output of the system, but also reduce the generation of directly available electric energy.

Key words: supercritical water oxidation, energy recovery, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, design

中图分类号:

TK11⁺5

顾旭波, 廖传华, 王常青. 超临界水氧化能量回收系统的设计优化[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(9): 5094-5102.

GU Xubo, LIAO Chuanhua, WANG Changqing. Design optimization of supercritical water oxidation energy recovery system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(9): 5094-5102.

图/表 13

参考文献 21

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参数	数值
甲醇溶液流量/kg·h^-1	360
甲醇质量分数/%	4
氧气流量/kg·h^-1	25.9
H1出口温度/℃	200
H3出口温度/℃	410
柱塞泵P0出口压力/MPa	26
压缩机P1出口压力/MPa	26
降压阀出口压力/MPa	0.1

参数	数值
甲醇溶液流量/kg·h^-1	360
甲醇质量分数/%	4
氧气流量/kg·h^-1	25.9
H1出口温度/℃	200
H3出口温度/℃	410
柱塞泵P0出口压力/MPa	26
压缩机P1出口压力/MPa	26
降压阀出口压力/MPa	0.1

物流	T/℃	p/MPa	G/kg·h^-1
S1	25	0.1	360
S2	27	26	360
S3	200	26	360
S4	350	26	360
S5	25	0.1	26
S6	250	26	26
S7	335	26	386
S8	410	26	386
S9	500	26	386
S10	374	26	386
S11	75	26	386
S12	25	0.1	2100
S13	101	0.1	2100
S14	70	0.1	386
气体	25	0.1	24
液体	25	0.1	362

物流	T/℃	p/MPa	G/kg·h^-1
S1	25	0.1	360
S2	27	26	360
S3	200	26	360
S4	350	26	360
S5	25	0.1	26
S6	250	26	26
S7	335	26	386
S8	410	26	386
S9	500	26	386
S10	374	26	386
S11	75	26	386
S12	25	0.1	2100
S13	101	0.1	2100
S14	70	0.1	386
气体	25	0.1	24
液体	25	0.1	362

参数	数值
甲醇溶液流量/kg·h^-1	360
甲醇质量分数/%	4
氧气流量/kg·h^-1	25.9
H1出口温度/℃	200
H3出口温度/℃	410
柱塞泵P0出口压力/MPa	26
压缩机P1出口压力/MPa	26
柱塞泵P2出口压力/MPa	2.5
透平出口压力/MPa	5
ORC透平出口压力/MPa	0.25
ORC蒸发温度/℃	120
降压阀出口压力/MPa	0.1