海藻酸钠微囊的制备及应用进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1432

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 3103-3112.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1432

海藻酸钠微囊的制备及应用进展

袁晓露¹^,²(), 李宝霞¹^,², 黄雅燕¹^,², 杨宇成¹^,², 叶静¹^,², 张娜¹^,², 张学勤¹^,², 郑秉得¹^,²(), 肖美添¹^,²()

^1.华侨大学化工学院，福建厦门 361021
^2.厦门市海洋生物资源综合利用工程技术研究中心，福建厦门 361021

收稿日期:2021-07-07 修回日期:2021-11-02 出版日期:2022-06-10 发布日期:2022-06-21
通讯作者: 郑秉得,肖美添
作者简介:袁晓露（1996—），女，硕士研究生，研究方向为海洋生物资源利用、微胶囊制备及其工艺优化和工业化。E-mail：2016346154@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(22078120);福建省科技重大专项(2020NZ012013);福建省高校产学合作重大项目(2018N5008);福建省引导项目(2019N0012);福建省科技计划对外合作项目(2020I0018);厦门市高校科研院所产学研项目(3502Z20203047);华侨大学科研基金(21BS107)

Progress in preparation and application of sodium alginate microcapsules

YUAN Xiaolu¹^,²(), LI Baoxia¹^,², HUANG Yayan¹^,², YANG Yucheng¹^,², YE Jing¹^,², ZHANG Na¹^,², ZHANG Xueqin¹^,², ZHENG Bingde¹^,²(), XIAO Meitian¹^,²()

^1.College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
^2.Xiamen Engineering and Technological Research Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China

Received:2021-07-07 Revised:2021-11-02 Online:2022-06-10 Published:2022-06-21
Contact: ZHENG Bingde,XIAO Meitian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微囊化技术作为一项发展迅速的新技术，具有精确给药、芯材控释等特点，在生物医药、食品、化工等领域均得到成功应用。海藻酸钠是从海洋藻类提取的功能独特的植物多糖，具有良好的溶解性、成膜性和凝胶性等优势，已被广泛用作微囊的包膜材料。但海藻酸钠微囊易受到基质材料、交联剂和生产工艺参数的影响，性质难以调控，所以微囊的生产仍存在配方不完善、制备工艺不稳定等问题。为解决上述问题，本综述对海藻酸钠的离子交换性、pH敏感性、凝胶特性等性质和微囊制备过程的影响因素进行了总结。论述了海藻酸钠微囊在包封细胞、药物以及精油方面的应用，指出今后的研究方向应集中于改进微囊的制备工艺，探明海藻酸钠成膜机理与机械性能的关系，提高海藻酸钠微囊强度与韧性，继续推进海藻酸钠与其他高分子材料的复配研究，以期扩大海藻酸钠微囊的应用范围，加快海藻酸钠微囊的工业化进程。

关键词: 海藻酸钠, 微囊化, 包封材料, 凝胶机理

Abstract:

Microcapsule technology is a new technology with rapid development, and has been successfully applied in biomedicine, food, chemistry, and other fields for its several advantages, including accurate drug administration and controlled content release. Sodium alginate is a unique plant polysaccharide extracted from marine algae, and has been widely used as microcapsule coating materials owing to its good solubility, good film-forming and gelation performance. However, there are still some problems in the manufacture of sodium alginate microcapsules, such as imperfect formula and unstable preparation process, due to the properties of sodium alginate microcapsules being difficult to control and easily affected by base material, cross-linking agent, and process parameters. In order to solve the above problems, the properties of sodium alginate, such as ion exchangeability, pH susceptibility, gelling characteristics, and influencing factors in the preparation process of microcapsules were summarized in this review, and the application of sodium alginate microcapsules in encapsulating cells, drugs, and essential oil were discussed as well. It is pointed out that the future research direction should focus on improving the preparation process of microcapsules, clarifying the relationship between film-forming mechanism and mechanical properties of sodium alginate gel, enhancing the strength and toughness of sodium alginate microcapsules, and promoting the formulation research of sodium alginate with other polymer materials,thereby expanding the application range of sodium alginate microcapsules and accelerating the industrialization process of sodium alginate microcapsules.

Key words: sodium alginate, microencapsulation, encapsulating materials, gelation mechanism

中图分类号:

袁晓露, 李宝霞, 黄雅燕, 杨宇成, 叶静, 张娜, 张学勤, 郑秉得, 肖美添. 海藻酸钠微囊的制备及应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(6): 3103-3112.

YUAN Xiaolu, LI Baoxia, HUANG Yayan, YANG Yucheng, YE Jing, ZHANG Na, ZHANG Xueqin, ZHENG Bingde, XIAO Meitian. Progress in preparation and application of sodium alginate microcapsules[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(6): 3103-3112.

图/表 6

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内容物	应用	性能改进	参考文献
杂交瘤细胞	生产活性大分子，治疗免疫性疾病	微囊可成功在细胞内存活，并产生具有活性的单克隆抗体	［6］
酵母细胞	生产起泡葡萄酒	显著提高微生物的存活率和生物活性	［7］
卵黄免疫球蛋白	蛋白质药物给药	提高免疫球蛋白在肠胃中的生物活性	［8］
紫苏精油	食品防腐剂、保鲜剂	有效延缓精油的挥发	［10］
布洛芬	布洛芬的定向和持续给药	更好地维持药物释放能力	［50］
混合香精	烟用爆珠	提高抗潮性	［51］
骨髓间充质干细胞	干细胞培养	在微囊中能稳定存活和增殖，提高存活率	［52］
枯草芽孢杆菌	食品添加剂、药物制剂	在肠胃液中有更高的细胞活力和存活率	［53］
5-氟尿嘧啶	抗癌药物的结肠靶向给药	增强了微囊在肠道中的稳定性和溶胀性	［54］
木瓜多酚	食品添加剂、药物制剂	胃肠道条件下高效的包封和控释	［55］
柠檬草精油	食品保鲜膜	明显延长新鲜果切货架期	［56］

内容物	应用	性能改进	参考文献
杂交瘤细胞	生产活性大分子，治疗免疫性疾病	微囊可成功在细胞内存活，并产生具有活性的单克隆抗体	［6］
酵母细胞	生产起泡葡萄酒	显著提高微生物的存活率和生物活性	［7］
卵黄免疫球蛋白	蛋白质药物给药	提高免疫球蛋白在肠胃中的生物活性	［8］
紫苏精油	食品防腐剂、保鲜剂	有效延缓精油的挥发	［10］
布洛芬	布洛芬的定向和持续给药	更好地维持药物释放能力	［50］
混合香精	烟用爆珠	提高抗潮性	［51］
骨髓间充质干细胞	干细胞培养	在微囊中能稳定存活和增殖，提高存活率	［52］
枯草芽孢杆菌	食品添加剂、药物制剂	在肠胃液中有更高的细胞活力和存活率	［53］
5-氟尿嘧啶	抗癌药物的结肠靶向给药	增强了微囊在肠道中的稳定性和溶胀性	［54］
木瓜多酚	食品添加剂、药物制剂	胃肠道条件下高效的包封和控释	［55］
柠檬草精油	食品保鲜膜	明显延长新鲜果切货架期	［56］

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海藻酸钠微囊的制备及应用进展

Progress in preparation and application of sodium alginate microcapsules

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