分子筛材料在VOCs吸附中的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0958

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）的大量排放对我国大气环境已造成严重污染。本文综述了针对工业VOCs排放浓度低、风量大、含水等特点，分子筛作为较成熟的吸附材料在VOCs吸附处理中的应用。影响分子筛吸附VOCs的因素有孔径结构、表面性质、疏水性等。研究表明，与吸附质动力学尺寸相匹配的孔径和具有多级孔的分子筛吸附性能优良，引入适宜补偿阳离子也可加强吸附。文中指出：提高硅铝比或硅烷化改性来提高分子筛疏水性以及免除模板剂使用，降低成本，减小污染成为当下发展主流；在制备方法上打破传统水热合成法，使用固相法、微波辅助、晶种导入来降低能耗，实现绿色合成已成为新兴话题；研发多功能整体式材料以及吸附法和多种方法相结合来处理VOCs已成为未来发展趋势。

关键词: 分子筛, 挥发性有机化合物, 吸附, 复合材料, 疏水性

Abstract:

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission has caused serious atmospheric environment pollution in China. As the industrial VOCs emission has the characteristics of low concentration, large air volume, and water containing, the adsorption treatment with molecular sieve becomes very important. The factors affecting molecular sieve adsorption of VOCs are the pore structure, surface properties, hydrophobicity and so on. The results show that the adsorption performance of the molecular sieves with the pore size matching the kinetic size of the adsorbate and hierarchical structure is good, and the introduction of appropriate compensating cation can also enhance the adsorption. The mainstream of current development includes to increase the silicon to aluminum ratio, to improve the hydrophobicity of molecular sieve by silanization modification, to avoid using template agent, and to reduce costs and pollution. It has become a new topic to realize green synthesis to reduce the energy consumption by replacing the traditional hydrothermal synthesis method by solid phase method, microwave assistance and seed introduction. Research and development of multi-functional integrated materials and combination of adsorption with other methods to deal with VOCs has become the future trend.

Key words: molecular sieves, volatile organic compounds(VOCs), adsorption, composites, hydrophobicity

中图分类号:

X701

刘星园, 张永锋, 肖凯, 高境泽. 分子筛材料在VOCs吸附中的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2504-2510.

LIU Xingyuan, ZHANG Yongfeng, XIAO Kai, GAO Jingze. Research progress of molecular sieve materials in the adsorption of VOCs[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(5): 2504-2510.

图/表 2

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来源	占比/%
工业源	47
移动源	24
生活源	29

来源	占比/%
工业源	47
移动源	24
生活源	29

制备方法	优点	缺点
水热合成法	发展相对成熟	高成本、有污染、不安全、能耗高
固相合成法	成本低、降低污染	条件复杂、有待发展
微波辅助法	缩短晶化时间、受热均匀，效率高、能耗低	产率有待提高、晶化过程不易控制
晶种导入法	替代有机模板剂，降低污染	成本高、不利于工业化

制备方法	优点	缺点
水热合成法	发展相对成熟	高成本、有污染、不安全、能耗高
固相合成法	成本低、降低污染	条件复杂、有待发展
微波辅助法	缩短晶化时间、受热均匀，效率高、能耗低	产率有待提高、晶化过程不易控制
晶种导入法	替代有机模板剂，降低污染	成本高、不利于工业化

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