路面裂缝用聚硅氧烷密封材料研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0622

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高度交联网络结构的聚硅氧烷材料作为路面裂缝聚硅氧烷密封（PCSS）材料的主要组分，使PCSS材料具有优异的附着力、防水性、耐老化性、高低温性，已成为路面裂缝处理的重要修补材料之一。首先根据PCSS材料失效原因，归纳了PCSS材料的三种失效模式，即低温失效、高温失效和（雨水）行车荷载失效。基于失效模式总结提出PCSS材料需满足的各种路用性能要求；同时综述了PCSS材料的制备方法和研究现状，并根据PCSS材料中主要成分有机硅结构的改性方法，将PCSS材料分为物理改性和化学改性两大类；并针对PCSS材料评价方法的建立以及存在的不足进行了概述；最后展望了自愈合聚硅氧烷密封材料在裂缝修补领域中的发展前景，为聚硅氧烷类密封材料在路面裂缝修补领域中的应用提供一定理论指导和技术参考。

关键词: 路面裂缝, 聚硅氧烷, 密封材料

Abstract:

As the main component of pavement crack silicone sealing (PCSS) material, the silicone material with highly cross-linked network structure makes PCSS material have excellent adhesion, water resistance, aging resistance, and high and low temperature. Therefore, PCSS material has become one of the important repair materials for pavement crack treatment. This paper reviewed the research progress of pavement crack silicone sealing materials. Firstly, according to the failure causes of PCSS materials, three failure modes of PCSS materials were summarized, namely, low temperature failure, high temperature failure and (rain) driving load failure. Various road performance requirements of PCSS materials to be met were summarized and proposed according to failure modes. At the same time, the preparation methods and research progress of PCSS materials were reviewed. Based on the modification methods of silicone structure, PCSS materials were divided into physical modification and chemical modification. The establishment of PCSS material evaluation method and its shortcomings were summarized. Finally, the development prospect of self-healing silicone sealing materials in the field of crack repair was prospected, which provided some theoretical guidance and technical reference for the application of silicone sealing materials in the field of crack repair.

Key words: pavement crack, silicone, sealing material

中图分类号:

TQ43

夏慧芸, 杨浩田, 卢昌杰, 宋莉芳, 牛艳辉. 路面裂缝用聚硅氧烷密封材料研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 814-820.

XIA Huiyun, YANG Haotian, LU Changjie, SONG Lifang, NIU Yanhui. Research progress of pavement crack silicone sealing materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 814-820.

图/表 3

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路用指标	实验方法	实验条件	指标要求
标准环境	—	23℃±2℃，相对湿度50%±5%	—
固化时间	ASTM D2202	制作密封胶试件，密封胶试件尺寸为12.7mm×12.7mm×50.8mm，养生21d±4h后测试	21d±4h后固化
表干时间	ASTM C679	聚乙烯薄膜黏密封胶直至不黏	≤5h±10min
黏结	ASTM D5329	常规试验：-29℃±1℃，100%，5次循环，7d内完成	3个试件全部通过
		浸水试验：同上，浸水条件下测试	3个试件全部通过
		热老化：70℃±1℃，7d±2h，老化后测试	3个试件全部通过
拉伸	ASTM D412 DIEC	23℃±2℃，500mm/min±20mm/min	最长拉伸率≥600%
拉伸	ASTM D412 DIEC	23℃±2℃，500mm/min±20mm/min	150%拉伸强度≤310kPa
耐候性能	ASTM C793	5000h±2h，-26±2℃，实验室用紫外线加速老化	外观判别
弹性	ASTM D5329	固化21d±4h；热老化70℃±1℃，7d±2h，大盛样皿	≥75%
锥入度	JT/T 740—2009	15~30℃室温冷却1.5~2h，水浴25℃±0.5℃，水浴1.5~2h	—
流平性	ASTM C639	I型，SL型	光滑水平面没气泡

路用指标	实验方法	实验条件	指标要求
标准环境	—	23℃±2℃，相对湿度50%±5%	—
固化时间	ASTM D2202	制作密封胶试件，密封胶试件尺寸为12.7mm×12.7mm×50.8mm，养生21d±4h后测试	21d±4h后固化
表干时间	ASTM C679	聚乙烯薄膜黏密封胶直至不黏	≤5h±10min
黏结	ASTM D5329	常规试验：-29℃±1℃，100%，5次循环，7d内完成	3个试件全部通过
		浸水试验：同上，浸水条件下测试	3个试件全部通过
		热老化：70℃±1℃，7d±2h，老化后测试	3个试件全部通过
拉伸	ASTM D412 DIEC	23℃±2℃，500mm/min±20mm/min	最长拉伸率≥600%
拉伸	ASTM D412 DIEC	23℃±2℃，500mm/min±20mm/min	150%拉伸强度≤310kPa
耐候性能	ASTM C793	5000h±2h，-26±2℃，实验室用紫外线加速老化	外观判别
弹性	ASTM D5329	固化21d±4h；热老化70℃±1℃，7d±2h，大盛样皿	≥75%
锥入度	JT/T 740—2009	15~30℃室温冷却1.5~2h，水浴25℃±0.5℃，水浴1.5~2h	—
流平性	ASTM C639	I型，SL型	光滑水平面没气泡

序号	性能指标	高温型	普通型	低温型	寒冷型	严寒型
1	表干时间/h	≤3
2	固化时间/d	≤21
3	流平性	自流平
4	低温拉伸
	最大拉伸量	0℃，≥100%	-10℃，≥200%	-20℃，≥300%	-30℃，≥400%	-40℃，≥500%
	拉伸强度/MPa	≤0.4
	浸水老化后最大拉伸量/%	≥85
	定伸黏结性	50%，放置1d，通过	100%，放置1d，通过	150%，放置1d，通过	200%，放置1d，通过	300%，放置1d，通过

序号	性能指标	高温型	普通型	低温型	寒冷型	严寒型
1	表干时间/h	≤3
2	固化时间/d	≤21
3	流平性	自流平
4	低温拉伸
	最大拉伸量	0℃，≥100%	-10℃，≥200%	-20℃，≥300%	-30℃，≥400%	-40℃，≥500%
	拉伸强度/MPa	≤0.4
	浸水老化后最大拉伸量/%	≥85
	定伸黏结性	50%，放置1d，通过	100%，放置1d，通过	150%，放置1d，通过	200%，放置1d，通过	300%，放置1d，通过

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