中试装置内水合物注抑制剂的分解规律

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

单纯降压法开采天然气水合物容易遇到地层传热速率慢的问题导致体系温度压力长期处于相平衡状态，因而严重拉长了开采时间。为解决降压法开采过程中低温区域水合物分解过慢的问题，本文利用三维装置研究了注化学剂法开采过程中水合物分解和产气规律。根据反应釜内温度和压力的变化，全面分析了注入过程、焖井过程对水合物分解的影响。结果表明，对于单井吞吐法，在注入抑制剂阶段可以刺激水合物快速分解，但不宜采用过大的注入量和过多的注入次数，过大的注入量和注入次数会增大堵塞风险导致开采时间被大大延长。相较于小型实验装置，中试级别实验由于注入时间长，抑制剂在注入阶段已经得到较为充分的运移，因而焖井时间不能过长，控制在40min左右为宜。

关键词: 水合物, 开采, 注抑制剂, 中试装置

Abstract:

Traditional depressurization method is easy to encounter the slow heat transfer rate of stratum, and thus the system temperature and pressure maintain a phase equilibrium condition for a long period, which seriously prolongs the production time. To solve the slow hydrate decomposition rate in the low temperature area during depressurization, three-dimensional simulation of natural gas hydrate production by inhibitor injection method was carried out to obtain the law of hydrate decomposition and gas production. The effect of inhibitor injection and soaking process on hydrate decomposition was comprehensively analyzed on the basis of temperature and pressure change. The results showed that the inhibitor injection method could significantly speed up the efficiency of hydrate decomposition during injection period, however, large injection volume and multiple-time injection were easy to cause plugging and prolong the production time. Compared with the small-sized experimental device, the inhibitor had been fully migrated in the injection stage due to the long injection time in the pilot-scale experiment, therefore, the soak time should be about 40minutes.

Key words: hydrate, exploitation, inhibitor injection, pilot-scale device

中图分类号:

王云飞, 孙长宇, 喻西崇, 王清, 李清平, 陈光进. 中试装置内水合物注抑制剂的分解规律[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(10): 5354-5362.

WANG Yunfei, SUN Changyu, YU Xichong, WANG Qing, LI Qingping, CHEN Guangjin. Analysis of the methane hydrate decomposition characteristics through inhibitor injection method by using a pilot scale reactor[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(10): 5354-5362.

图/表 9

图1 实验装置图和实验流程图

图2 温度传感器布置图

表1 注抑制剂实验参数

参数	数值
注剂前反应釜内平均温度/K	281.77
注剂前压力/MPa	11.92
开采温度/K	284.70
背压压力/MPa	7.50
水合物饱和度/％	20.36
水饱和度/％	14.58
注剂总量/L	12.00
注剂温度/K	283.15
注剂质量分数/％	50

图3 注剂开采过程中的压力变化P1—釜底压力；P2—釜顶压力；P3—注采井出口压力

图4 第一次注剂过程中反应釜内的温度分布

图5 第一次焖井过程中反应釜内的温度分布

图6 注剂开采过程中反应釜内的温度压力变化

图7 注剂开采过程中产气产水规律

图8 注抑制剂开采过程中水合物分解比例和产气比例随时间变化RH—水合物分解比例；RP—水合物产气比例；P—反应釜内的压力变化

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