天然多糖微球的制备及功能应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

多糖微球不仅具有生物相容、无毒性、可再生等优点，还可以通过改性或者与其他功能组分巧妙结合赋予其更加多样化的功能，结合本身独特的3D球型多孔结构，多糖微球可以作为微反应器、微分离器、微结构单元等，应用涉及人们生活的方方面面。本文综述了近年来多糖微球功能材料的研究进展，首先介绍了以滴定法和乳化法及其衍生方法制备粒径均一多糖微球的进展，然后着重介绍了多糖微球的功能化构建策略及其在吸附分离、催化剂载体、组织工程与药物释放、能源转化与储存四个领域的应用进展，最后讨论了多糖微球功能材料在面向以上应用过程中仍然需要解决的关键科学问题，包括粒径均一多糖微球的规模化制备和多糖孔结构的可控制备。为今后高性能多糖微球材料的研制及应用提供有价值的参考和指导。

关键词: 生物质, 天然多糖, 微球, 吸附, 催化, 组织工程与药物释放, 能源转化与储存

Abstract:

Polysaccharide microspheres possess the advantages including biocompatibility, non-toxicity, and regeneration, and can be modified and/or combine with other functional components to give it more diversified functions. Together with their unique 3D porous spherical shape structure, polysaccharide microspheres can be applied as micro-reactors, micro-separators, micro-structure units, etc., and their applications involve all aspects of people’s lives. This review summarizes recent progress of polysaccharide microsphere functional materials. First, this review introduces the fabrication of polysaccharide microspheres by different methods. Then emphases are focuses on controllable fabrication of polysaccharide microspheres and their application in the four fields, including adsorption and separation, catalysis, tissue engineering and drug release, and energy conversion and storage. Finally, the key scientific issues that still need to be solved are discussed, including scaled preparation of uniform polysaccharide microspheres and controlled preparation of pore structure. This review provides valuable information for the development and application of high-performance polysaccharide microsphere-based materials.

Key words: biomass, polysaccharide, microsphere, adsorption, catalysis, tissue engineering and drug release, energy conversion and storage

中图分类号:

乔亮智, 杜开峰. 天然多糖微球的制备及功能应用[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4305-4313.

QIAO Liangzhi, DU Kaifeng. Fabrication and application of polysaccharide microspheres[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4305-4313.

图/表 8

图1 多糖微球制备技术路线

图2 滴定法制备微球

图3 膜乳化法制备微球

图4 自组装多孔纤维素微球形成示意图和微球扫描电子显微镜图[25]

图5 HCM微球的形貌及性能[26]

图6 PCTNCM微球扫描电子显微镜图及对甲苯和苯的循环降解能力[29]

图7 L02细胞在MNCM以及纯甲壳素微球上的扫描电子显微镜图[11]

图8 NCM的性能[37]

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