含聚浓度对旋流器性能影响的数值模拟与试验

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0517

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以螺旋导流式旋流器为研究对象，选用幂律流体模型和离散相模型（DPM）计算了不同含聚浓度条件下的分离性能，对旋流器流场（速度场、压力场）及油滴运移特性进行了细致的分析，并采用高速摄像技术（HSV）开展了相应的分离特性试验。研究发现：聚合物浓度为0时，油滴存在明显的乳化效应，实测效率81.7%；浓度增大后，乳化效应减弱，油滴分散在旋流器内，中心油核消失，效率急剧下降，4000mg/L时旋流器基本无分离效果；浓度增大对压降影响较小，底流压降最高增幅5.6%，最大值不超过200kPa。分析表明，效率下降与切向速度衰减、径向压力梯度减小有关；浓度增大后油滴轴向向下运动的距离增加，呈现向旋流器外壁面运动的趋势，分离时间延长。

关键词: 聚合物, 旋流器, 油滴, 数值模拟, 实验验证

Abstract:

Taking spiral flow-guided hydrocyclone as the research object, the power law fluid model and the discrete phase model (DPM) were used to calculate the separation performance under different polymer concentrations. The hydrocyclone flow field (velocity field, pressure field) and oil droplet migration characteristics were analyzed in detail, and the corresponding separation characteristics test was carried out by high-speed camera technology. It was found that when the polymer concentration is 0, the oil droplets have obvious emulsification effect, and the measured efficiency is 81.7%. After the concentration increases, the emulsification effect is weakened, the oil droplets are dispersed in the hydrocyclone, the center oil core disappears, and the efficiency drops sharply. At 4000mg/L, the hydrocyclone has no separation effect. The increase of concentration has little effect on the pressure drop. The maximum increase of the underflow pressure drop is 5.6%. The maximum pressure drop does not exceed 200kPa. Analysis showed that the decrease in efficiency is related to the attenuation of the tangential velocity and the decrease of the radial pressure gradient. The distance at which the oil droplet moves axially downward increases as the concentration increases. The oil droplets tend to move toward the outer wall surface of the hydrocyclone, and the separation time increases.

Key words: polymers, hydrocyclone, droplets, numerical simulation, experimental validation

中图分类号:

TQ051.8

王志杰,李枫,赵立新. 含聚浓度对旋流器性能影响的数值模拟与试验[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(12): 5287-5296.

Zhijie WANG,Feng LI,Lixin ZHAO. Numerical simulation and experimental study on the effect of polymer concentration on hydrocyclone performance[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(12): 5287-5296.

图/表 17

图1 试验装置示意图1—储水罐；2—搅拌器；3—螺杆泵；4—变频器；5—储油罐；6—柱塞式计量泵；7—静态混合器；8—电磁流量计；9—阀门；10—压力表；11—取样口；12—螺旋导流式旋流器；13—高速摄像系统；14—补光灯；15—废液池

图2 旋流器结构简图

表1 连续相流体参数设置

聚合物浓度/mg·L^-1	$ρ$ /kg·m^-3	k/Pa·sⁿ	n
0	998.2	1	1
1000	998.2	0.00609	0.87271
2000	998.2	0.01204	0.80871
3000	998.2	0.01883	0.76657
4000	998.2	0.02619	0.74331
5000	998.2	0.03311	0.74953

表1 连续相流体参数设置

聚合物浓度/mg·L^-1	$ρ$ /kg·m^-3	k/Pa·sⁿ	n
0	998.2	1	1
1000	998.2	0.00609	0.87271
2000	998.2	0.01204	0.80871
3000	998.2	0.01883	0.76657
4000	998.2	0.02619	0.74331
5000	998.2	0.03311	0.74953

图3 旋流器网格划分

图4 网格独立性检验

图5 分离效率曲线

表2 旋流器各进出口处压力值

聚合物浓度/mg·L^-1	入口压力/kPa	溢流口压力/kPa
0	170	100
1000	180	120
2000	190	130
3000	170	110
4000	180	130
5000	180	125

图6 压降损失随聚合物浓度变化曲线

图7 X=0截面处聚合物浓度为0时静压分布云图

图8 静压分布曲线

图9 不同聚合物浓度下切向速度分布

图10 粒级效率曲线

图11 油滴运移轨迹

图12 油滴运动行为

图13 不同聚合物浓度下的油滴运动行为

图14 锥段处流场

图15 不同聚合物浓度下油水两相分布场对比

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