影响纳米流体液滴蒸发沉积图案的关键因素分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0039

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目前关于液滴蒸发后沉积图案的研究主要集中于描述其物理现象的变化，但是对于蒸发过程中导致沉积图案形成的受力分析少有研究。影响纳米流体液滴蒸发沉积图案的主要因素是与液滴接触的底板温度和纳米颗粒的质量浓度。本文选用4种不同温度（30℃、47℃、64℃和81℃）的玻璃载玻片作为底板，采用粒径为20nm的3种质量分数（0.05%、0.1%和0.2%）的Al₂O₃-H₂O纳米溶液来研究纳米流体液滴在固体表面上蒸发后沉积图案的形成机理。实验结果表明，随着溶液质量分数的增加和底板温度的升高，咖啡圈效应越来越明显，且内环结构也逐渐清晰可见。其中咖啡圈效应由底板温度和溶液质量分数共同影响。溶液质量分数和底板温度都与马兰戈尼（Marangoni）效应呈正相关性，但由停滞点和Marangoni效应产生的内环结构，受底板温度的影响更大。

关键词: 蒸发, 沉积物, 纳米粒子, 氧化铝, 溶液

Abstract:

At present, research on deposition patterns after droplet evaporation mainly focuses on describing changes in physical phenomena. However, little research has been done on the force analysis that leads to the formation of deposition patterns during evaporation. The key factors affecting the deposition pattern of the nanofluid droplet are the substrate temperature and the mass fraction of the nanoparticle in the nanofluid droplet. Based on glass film with four different temperatures (30℃, 47℃, 64℃ and 81℃), the evaporation of aluminum oxide-water mixed liquid drops were studied by using 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% mass fraction of aluminum oxide and pure water, and they were used to study the formation mechanism of the deposition pattern of the nanodroplets after evaporation on the solid surface. Results of aluminum oxide-water mixed liquid’s deposition pattern showed that as the mass fraction of the solution increases and the temperature of the substrate increases, the coffee ring effect becomes more and more obvious and the inner ring structure is gradually visible. In addition, the coffee ring effect is affected by the temperature of the bottom plate and the mass fraction of the solution. Although both the mass fraction of the solution and the temperature of the bottom plate are positively correlated with the Marangoni effect, the inner ring structure produced by the stagnation point and the Marangoni effect is more affected by the temperature of the bottom plate.

Key words: evaporation, deposition, nanoparticles, alumina, solution

中图分类号:

TK124

柴琳, 刘斌, 杨文哲, 陈爱强, 邹同华. 影响纳米流体液滴蒸发沉积图案的关键因素分析[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(07): 3065-3071.

Lin CHAI, Bin LIU, Wenzhe YANG, Aiqiang CHEN, Tonghua ZOU. Analysis of the key factors affecting the deposition pattern of the nanofluid droplet[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(07): 3065-3071.

图/表 9

图1 实验装置

表1 纳米流体完全蒸发后得到的沉积图案（粒子粒径为20nm，质量分数分别为0.05%、0.1%和0.2%，底板温度分别为30℃、47℃、64℃和81℃）

温度	质量分数0.05％	质量分数0.1％	质量分数0.2％
30℃
47℃
64℃
81℃

表2 运动黏度值

质量分数/%	运动黏度/10^-4m·s^-2
质量分数/%	30℃	47℃	64℃	81℃
0.05	1.981	1.381	1.026	0.816
0.1	1.968	1.336	0.974	0.769
0.2	2.009	1.298	0.952	0.786

图2 Gr数值随底板温度和溶液质量分数变化曲线

图3 f数值随底板温度和溶液质量分数变化曲线

图4 咖啡圈宽度随底板温度和溶液质量分数变化曲线

图5 液滴蒸发水滴内部流场和流动模式

图6 蒸发时间随底板温度和溶液质量分数变化曲线

图7 Ma数值随底板温度和溶液质量分数变化曲线

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