高黏度聚乳酸（PLA）熔体微分离心静电纺丝

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1096

化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (03): 1176-1181.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1096

高黏度聚乳酸（PLA）熔体微分离心静电纺丝

余韶阳,安瑛,李守猛,王循,钟强,雷文龙,丁玉梅,杨卫民,李好义()

北京化工大学机电工程学院，北京100029

收稿日期:2018-05-28 修回日期:2018-09-12 出版日期:2019-03-05 发布日期:2019-03-05
通讯作者: 李好义
作者简介:余韶阳（1992—），男，硕士研究生，主要从事熔体微分离心静电纺丝工艺的研究。|李好义，讲师，主要从事聚合物材料先进制造技术研究。E-mail：lhy@mail.buct.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51603009);国家重点研发计划(2016YFB0302002)

Melt differential centrifugal electrospinning of high viscosity PLA

Shaoyang YU,Ying AN,Shoumeng LI,Xun WANG,Qiang ZHONG,Wenlong LEI,Yumei DING,Weimin YANG,Haoyi LI()

College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2018-05-28 Revised:2018-09-12 Online:2019-03-05 Published:2019-03-05
Contact: Haoyi LI

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

离心纺丝已成为制备超细纤维的有效途径，将离心纺丝和静电纺丝结合起来的离心静电纺丝，纺丝效率高、纤维细度低。但是目前离心静电纺丝相关的研究十分有限，且主要涉及溶液离心静电纺丝。为了解决这一问题，本文设计了一种基于熔体微分的熔体离心静电纺丝装置，选取聚乳酸（PLA）作为研究对象，探究了挤出机转速和流量的关系，得出挤出机转速在20r/min、流量为1.6089g/min时纺丝效果最佳。研究了离心盘转速、纺丝电压等因素对纤维的影响，得出增加离心盘转速可大幅细化纤维直径，离心盘转速提高1倍，纤维直径减小77.26%；纺丝电压的加入不仅可以细化纤维直径，而且可以提高纤维的结晶度。结果表明：熔体微分离心静电纺丝可以高效制备PLA超细纤维，并且通过改变实验参数可以控制纤维特征，为离心静电纺丝产业化提供实验依据。

关键词: 离心静电纺丝, 纳米技术, 离心纺丝, 聚合物, 超细纤维

Abstract:

Centrifugal spinning has become an efficient way to prepare superfine fibers. It combines centrifugal spinning with electrospinning which has advantages of high efficiency and small fiber diameter. However，the current research on centrifugal electrospinning is very limited. In order to solve this problem, a self-designed melt differential centrifugal electrospinning device was used to prepare PLA superfine fibers. Moreover the relationship between extruder speed and flow rate was investigated. It was found that when the extruder speed was 20r/min and the flow rate was 1.6089g/min, the spinning effect was the best. The effects of centrifugal disk rotation speed and spinning voltage on the fiber were studied. It was found that increasing the rotation speed of the centrifugal disk could refine the fiber diameter greatly. When the centrifugal disk rotation speed was increased by 1 times, the fiber diameter was reduced by 77.26%. The addition of the spinning voltage not only refined the fiber diameter, but also increased the crystallinity of the fiber. The results showed that the PLA superfine fibers could be prepared by melt differential centrifugal electrospinning efficiently, and the fibers characteristics could be controlled by changing the experimental parameters. This study provided an experimental basis for the industrialization of centrifugal electrospinning.

Key words: centrifugal electrospinning, nanotechnology, centrifugal spinning, polymer, superfine fiber

中图分类号:

TQ340.1⁺4

余韶阳,安瑛,李守猛,王循,钟强,雷文龙,丁玉梅,杨卫民,李好义. 高黏度聚乳酸（PLA）熔体微分离心静电纺丝[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(03): 1176-1181.

Shaoyang YU,Ying AN,Shoumeng LI,Xun WANG,Qiang ZHONG,Wenlong LEI,Yumei DING,Weimin YANG,Haoyi LI. Melt differential centrifugal electrospinning of high viscosity PLA[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(03): 1176-1181.

图/表 7

图1 熔体微分离心静电纺丝装置

图2 PLA的黏温曲线

图3 PLA熔体流量随挤出机转速变化

表1 实验的工艺参数

实验号	离心盘转速/r·min^-1	纺丝电压/kV	纤维平均直径/μm
1	2000	25	8.65
2	2000	35	8.28
3	2000	45	7.74
4	3000	25	5.41
5	3000	35	5.05
6	3000	45	4.10
7	4000	25	2.88
8	4000	35	2.34
9	4000	45	1.76

图4 PLA纤维直径随电压变化

图5 PLA纤维电镜图

图6 不同纺丝电压制备PLA纤维XRD图谱

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高黏度聚乳酸（PLA）熔体微分离心静电纺丝

Melt differential centrifugal electrospinning of high viscosity PLA

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