硅基吸附剂处理含镉废水的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0949

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 硅基材料具有高比表面积、多介孔孔道及良好的热稳定性，将其作为吸附剂能够解决许多环境保护问题，因此近年来受到人们的广泛关注。本文主要综述了硅基材料对废水中镉离子吸附的研究进展，对比分析了有机物、无机物、聚合物等不同改性硅材料对溶液中镉离子的去除能力及吸附机理，并通过吸附等温线与动力学模型比较了各类吸附剂的吸附容量及吸附过程。分析表明，材料表面亲水性及官能团的增加有利于去除水体中的镉离子，指出制备高选择性、高吸附量的材料以及提高可回收性将是硅基材料改性修饰的研究热点。此外，提出了一些工业副产品及生物吸附剂对镉离子同样有良好的吸附能力，制备以工农业废弃物为原料的新型硅材料也将成为硅基吸附剂的一个主要研究方向。

关键词: 镉, 硅基材料, 吸附, 吸附剂

Abstract: In recent years, silicon-based materials, which has high specific surface area, multi-mesopore channels and good thermal stability, have been widespread concerned, and used as adsorbents for environmental problems. This study is a review of the recent literatures on the use of modified silicon-based materials for Cd adsorption. The maximum adsorption capacity and adsorption mechanism of the cadmium ions in the solution were analyzed by comparing the modified silicon materials of organic materials, inorganic materials and polymers. The adsorption process and capacity of various adsorbents was compared by adsorption isotherm and dynamical model. The analysis shows that the increase of hydrophilicity and functional groups on the surface of the material is capable of removing cadmium ions from water. It is pointed out that the preparation of high selectivity, high adsorption capacity and improving recyclability will be the research focus of silicon-based material modification. In addition, industrial and agricultural waste materials being highly efficient, low cost and renewable source of biomass can be exploited for Cd remediation. Furthermore, these materials can be used to prepare new silicon materials for better efficiency and multiple reuses to enhance their applicability.

Key words: cadmium, silica-based materials, adsorption, adsorbents

中图分类号:

X522

何昱轩, 张黎明, 郭飞飞, 李鹏刚, 彭稳, 刘航, 罗永明. 硅基吸附剂处理含镉废水的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(02): 724-736.

HE Yuxuan, ZHANG Liming, GUO Feifei, LI Penggang, PENG Wen, LIU Hang, LOU Yongming. Advances in cadmium removal from wastewater by silica-based materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(02): 724-736.

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