关键词: 表面活性剂, 池沸腾, 相对分子质量, 电离特性, 浊点, EO基团

Abstract: Experiments of nucleate pool boiling heat transfer and physical properties of aqueous solutions were conducted with different surfactant additives，which included two ionic surfactants，sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide（CTAB），and two nonionic surfactants，Triton X-114 and Triton X-100. The influences of molecular structures and physical properties of surfactant additives on boiling heat transfer were investigated. The results showed that the boiling heat transfer enhancements were related to the molecular weight and ionic natures of surfactants. The boiling heat transfer coefficients of ionic surfactant SDS and CTAB solutions showed an inverse molecular weight dependence presented as h～M ?0.22，but no such relationships for the nonionic surfactants. Under the same dynamic surface tensions and heat flux，the differences of boiling heat transfer characteristics of SDS and CTAB solutions were mainly affected by molecular weight and contact angle，and Triton X-114 and Triton X-100 solutions were affected by concentrations，EO group numbers，and cloud point and dynamic viscosity.

Key words: surfactants, pool boiling, molecular weight, ionic nature, cloud point, EO group