激发剂类型对矿渣/铜渣基地质聚合物性能影响及微观分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-2038

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

铜渣（CS）的综合利用对于环境治理与经济发展具有重要意义。使用Na₂SiO₃、NaOH、Na₂CO₃和Na₂SO₄作为激发剂制备矿渣铜渣基地质聚合物材料（geopolymer materials based on slag and copper slag，GMSCS），测定了激发剂种类对GMSCS凝结时间、流动度和力学性能的影响，并利用XRD、FTIR、TG-DTG和SEM技术分析了不同激发剂下GMSCS试样28天的微观结构。结果表明，采用Na₂SiO₃激发的样品凝结时间最短、流动度最低。初凝时间、终凝时间和流动度分别为47min、107min和145.65mm。样品28天抗压强度和抗折强度由大到小依次为Na₂SiO₃、NaOH、Na₂SO₄、Na₂CO₃。与3天相比，使用Na₂SiO₃激发的试样28天抗压强度提高了60%。微观分析结果显示，Na₂SiO₃激发的样品微观结构紧密且胶凝状水化产物较多；NaOH激发的样品中含有大量氢氧化钙，Na₂SO₄激发的样品中存在钙矾石；Na₂CO₃激发的样品微观结构松散且存在大量裂缝。

关键词: 激发剂, 铜渣, 抗压强度, 微观结构

Abstract:

The comprehensive utilization of copper slag is crucial for environmental management and economic development. Geopolymer materials based on slag and copper slag (GMSCS) was prepared using Na₂SiO₃, NaOH, Na₂CO₃ and Na₂SO₄ as activators. The effects of different activators on the setting time, flowability and mechanical properties of GMSCS were measured, and the microstructure of the GMSCS samples after 28 days was analyzed using XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG-DTG techniques. The results showed that the initial solidification time, final solidification time and fluidity of the samples excited with Na₂SiO₃ were 47min, 107min and 145.65mm, respectively. The compressive and flexural strengths of the samples at 28 days were, in descending order, Na₂SiO₃, NaOH, Na₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₃. Compared to 3 days, the 28 days compressive strength of the samples activated by Na₂SiO₃ increased by 60%. The results of microanalysis showed that the microstructure of Na₂SiO₃-activated samples was compact and had more gelatinous hydration products. The samples activated by NaOH contained a significant amount of calcium hydroxide. Ettringite existed in Na₂SO₄-activated samples and the microstructure of Na₂CO₃-activated samples was loose and had a large number of cracks.

Key words: activator, copper slag, compressive strength, microstructure

中图分类号:

X753

许荣盛, 孔凡辉, 洪通, 刘婉莹, 陈昊凡. 激发剂类型对矿渣/铜渣基地质聚合物性能影响及微观分析[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(12): 7117-7125.

XU Rongsheng, KONG Fanhui, HONG Tong, LIU Wanying, CHEN Haofan. Impact of activator type on properties of geopolymer materials based on slag and copper slag and microstructural analysis[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(12): 7117-7125.

图/表 12

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成分	质量分数/%
Fe₂O₃	30.24
SiO₂	34.01
CaO	11.71
Al₂O₃	9.77
MgO	1.61
Na₂O	2.08
ZnO	1.01

成分	质量分数/%
Fe₂O₃	30.24
SiO₂	34.01
CaO	11.71
Al₂O₃	9.77
MgO	1.61
Na₂O	2.08
ZnO	1.01

成分	质量分数/%
CaO	36.58
SiO₂	29.90
Al₂O₃	17.66
MgO	9.83
Fe₂O₃	0.35
TiO₂	1.20
K₂O	0.38

成分	质量分数/%
CaO	36.58
SiO₂	29.90
Al₂O₃	17.66
MgO	9.83
Fe₂O₃	0.35
TiO₂	1.20
K₂O	0.38

符号	碱性激发剂	GGBS/g	CS/g	水灰比
WG	Na₂SiO₃	315	135	0.4
SH	NaOH	315	135	0.4
SC	Na₂CO₃	315	135	0.4
SS	Na₂SO₄	315	135	0.4