玄武岩石粉强化MEA溶液捕集CO2

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1861

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

单乙醇胺（MEA）作为CO₂吸收剂已被广泛用于烟气CO₂捕集，但是高CO₂再生能耗给该技术的大规模发展带来了巨大的经济挑战。向吸收剂中添加固体催化剂可降低再生反应能垒，提高CO₂解吸速率，最终实现在较低温度下的快速解吸。本文采用天然矿物质——玄武岩石粉作为催化剂强化MEA溶液捕集CO₂性能。首先对比了添加玄武岩与空白MEA溶液的CO₂捕集性能差异；接着采用X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱、傅里叶红外、氮气物理吸附、吡啶红外、氨气程序升温脱附等表征技术探究了玄武岩催化反应过程的物化性质；最终，提出了玄武岩催化反应机理。实验结果表明，玄武岩石粉表面存在Brønsted酸位、Lewis酸位和Lewis碱位，具有提供质子和接受电子的能力。100℃条件下，与空白实验相比，其CO₂循环吸收容量提高了5.0%，CO₂解吸速率最大提高76.5%，显热降低11.9%。因此，玄武岩石粉可作为CO₂解吸催化剂用于强化MEA溶液捕集CO₂性能。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 玄武岩, 吸收-解吸, 能耗, 催化

Abstract:

Monoethanolamine (MEA) has been widely used as a CO₂ absorbent in flue gas CO₂ capture, but the high energy consumption of CO₂ regeneration has brought huge economic challenges to the large-scale development of this technology. Adding a solid catalyst to the absorbent can reduce the energy barrier of the regeneration reaction and increase the CO₂ desorption rate, ultimately achieving rapid desorption at lower temperatures. This paper used natural mineral nano basalt as a catalyst to enhance the CO₂ capture performance of MEA solution. Firstly, the differences of CO₂ absorption and desorption performances between the addition of basalt and the blank experiment were compared. Then the physical and chemical properties of the basalt catalytic reaction process were explored using characterization techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), N₂ Temperature-Programmed Desorption (N₂-TPD), Pyridine Adsorption-Infrared Spectrometry (Py-IR), and NH₃ Temperature-Programmed Desorption (NH₃-TPD). Finally, the catalytic mechanism of basalt in the MEA solution was proposed. The experimental results showed that basalt rock powder had the ability to provide protons and accept electrons with the presence of Brønsted acid sites, Lewis acid sites and Lewis base sites on its surface. Under 100℃ conditions, compared with the blank experiment, its CO₂ cyclic absorption capacity increased by 5.0%, CO₂ desorption rate increased by 76.5%, and sensible heat decreased by 11.9%. Therefore, basalt rock powder can be used as a composite catalyst for CO₂ capture improvement in MEA solution.

Key words: carbon dioxide, basalt, absorption-desorption, energy consumption, catalyst

中图分类号:

TQ51

陈琳琳, 张磊, 张春金, 唐华, 陈思铭. 玄武岩石粉强化MEA溶液捕集CO₂[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(11): 6543-6552.

CHEN Linlin, ZHANG Lei, ZHANG Chunjin, TANG Hua, CHEN Siming. Basalt toward energy-efficient CO₂ capture by MEA solution[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(11): 6543-6552.

图/表 11

图1 CO2吸收解吸装置图1—气体钢瓶；2—流量控制计（MFC）；3—可编程磁力搅拌电热套；4—冷凝管；5—三口烧瓶；6—温度计；7—湿式流量计；8—废气处理

图2 玄武岩石粉结构表征结果

表1 玄武岩组分含量

组成	质量分数/%
SiO₂	24.73
Al₂O₃	59.22
CaO	10.07
CaCO₃	5.99

图3 玄武岩的BET表征结果

图4 玄武岩酸性测定结果

表2 玄武岩的酸性

催化剂	酸类型				酸强度/mmol·g^-1
催化剂	B/mmol·g^-1	L/mmol·g^-1	B/L		弱酸	中酸	强酸	全部
玄武岩	0.00308	0.01302	0.2334		0.02772	0.02433	0.25520	0.30725

图5 添加不同质量玄武岩吸收过程对比

图6 添加不同质量玄武岩解吸过程对比

图7 不同解吸温度对解吸量和解吸速率的影响

图8 循环吸收解吸量图

图9 玄武岩催化吸收-解吸反应机理

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玄武岩石粉强化MEA溶液捕集CO₂

Basalt toward energy-efficient CO₂ capture by MEA solution

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