贫氧条件下正癸烷在Pt/ZSM-5上的催化燃烧特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0181

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

航空煤油实际燃烧过程中往往存在高化学当量比（Φ）的贫氧条件，导致航空煤油着火困难、燃烧效率较低。本文以航空煤油一元替代燃料正癸烷为燃料，实验研究了贫氧条件下（Φ=2~4）微圆管内Pt/ZSM-5催化剂和石英砂填充床中正癸烷的贫氧催化/无催化燃烧特性，分析了当量比（Φ=2~4）、温度（300~450℃）和催化剂对正癸烷转化率、燃烧效率以及气相产物分布特性的影响。结果表明：Pt/ZSM-5催化剂对正癸烷燃烧反应的促进作用明显，存在温度激增现象，当量比Φ从2增大到3.5时，动态着火点从196℃上升到271℃，而无催化则没有明显的着火点。贫氧催化条件下正癸烷的转化率始终低于无催化条件，但燃烧效率明显高于无催化。正癸烷催化燃烧的主要气相产物为CO₂，无催化的主要气相产物则为CO和烯烃。

关键词: 正癸烷, 催化燃烧, 贫氧, 热裂解, 燃烧效率

Abstract:

The actual combustion process of aviation kerosene often has high stoichiometric ratio (Φ) oxygen-lean conditions. In this paper, n-decane was used as a one-element alternative fuel of aviation kerosene, and the oxygen-depleted catalytic/non-catalytic combustion characteristics of n-decane in micro tube with Pt/ZSM-5 catalyst or quartz sand packed bed were experimentally studied under oxygen-lean conditions (Φ=2—4). The effects of equivalence ratio (Φ=2—4), temperature (300—450℃) and catalyst on the conversion rate of n-decane, combustion efficiency and gas phase product distribution were analyzed. The results showed that the Pt/ZSM-5 catalyst had an obvious promotion effect on the combustion reaction of n-decane, and there was a phenomenon of temperature surge. When the equivalence ratio Φ increased from 2 to 3.5, the dynamic ignition point rised from 196℃ to 271℃; while without catalysis, there was no obvious point of ignition. The conversion rate of n-decane under the oxygen-lean catalysis condition was always lower than that under the no catalysis condition, but the combustion efficiency was significantly higher than that under the no catalysis condition. The main gas-phase product of catalytic combustion of n-decane was CO₂, and the main gas-phase product without catalysis was CO and olefins.

Key words: n-decane, catalytic combustion, oxygen-lean, thermal cracking, combustion efficiency

中图分类号:

TK 16

徐露, 周俊虎, 张兴, 朱晓宇, 姚彦伊, 杨卫娟. 贫氧条件下正癸烷在Pt/ZSM-5上的催化燃烧特性[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(1): 146-152.

XU Lu, ZHOU Junhu, ZHANG Xing, ZHU Xiaoyu, YAO Yanyi, YANG Weijuan. Catalytic combustion characteristics of n-decane on Pt/ZSM-5 under oxygen deficient conditions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(1): 146-152.

图/表 11

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Φ	温度/℃	CO₂体积分数/%	CO体积分数/%	r/%
2	t_c=450℃	8.53	1.45	33.0
2	t_nc=449℃	3.01	6.86	25.4
2.5	t_c=447℃	7.77	0.74	23.0
2.5	t_nc=446℃	2.67	7.96	20.7
3.5	t_c=409℃	6.33	0.49	13.3
3.5	t_nc=402℃	2.16	8.46	14.2
4	t_c=408℃	5.94	0.65	11.2
4	t_nc=400℃	2.01	8.29	11.7

Φ	温度/℃	CO₂体积分数/%	CO体积分数/%	r/%
2	t_c=450℃	8.53	1.45	33.0
2	t_nc=449℃	3.01	6.86	25.4
2.5	t_c=447℃	7.77	0.74	23.0
2.5	t_nc=446℃	2.67	7.96	20.7
3.5	t_c=409℃	6.33	0.49	13.3
3.5	t_nc=402℃	2.16	8.46	14.2
4	t_c=408℃	5.94	0.65	11.2
4	t_nc=400℃	2.01	8.29	11.7

温度	摩尔分数/%
温度	CO₂	CO	H₂	CH₄	C₂H₄	C₃H₆	C₄H₈	CH₃CHO	其他^①
t_c=303℃	7.33	0.18	0.72	—	—	—	—	—	0.07
t_nc=297℃	1.56	5.38	0.20	0.11	0.55	0.24	0.11	0.37	0.04
t_c=400℃	8.96	0.56	0.17	—	—	—	—	—	0.06
t_nc =396℃	2.40	6.78	—	0.14	0.66	0.27	0.11	0.46	0.05
t_c=449℃	8.09	3.22	—	—	—	0.16	—	—	0.11
t_nc =449℃	3.01	6.86	0.21	0.29	0.98	0.44	0.17	0.35	0.08

温度	摩尔分数/%
温度	CO₂	CO	H₂	CH₄	C₂H₄	C₃H₆	C₄H₈	CH₃CHO	其他^①
t_c=303℃	7.33	0.18	0.72	—	—	—	—	—	0.07
t_nc=297℃	1.56	5.38	0.20	0.11	0.55	0.24	0.11	0.37	0.04
t_c=400℃	8.96	0.56	0.17	—	—	—	—	—	0.06
t_nc =396℃	2.40	6.78	—	0.14	0.66	0.27	0.11	0.46	0.05
t_c=449℃	8.09	3.22	—	—	—	0.16	—	—	0.11
t_nc =449℃	3.01	6.86	0.21	0.29	0.98	0.44	0.17	0.35	0.08

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