应用于空分纯化系统的相变储热器建模及分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1332

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 3099-3106.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1332

应用于空分纯化系统的相变储热器建模及分析

张春伟¹^,²(), 张学军¹^,²(), 赵阳¹^,²

^1.浙江大学制冷与低温研究所，浙江杭州 310027
^2.浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室，浙江杭州 310027

收稿日期:2020-07-13 修回日期:2020-08-17 出版日期:2021-06-06 发布日期:2021-06-22
通讯作者: 张学军
作者简介:张春伟（1992—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为相变储热技术。E-mail：11727057@zju.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0603702);国家自然科学基金重点项目(51636007)

Modeling and analysis of latent heat storage unit used in air separation purification system

ZHANG Chunwei¹^,²(), ZHANG Xuejun¹^,²(), ZHAO Yang¹^,²

^1.Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Refrigeration and Cryogenic Technology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310027, Zhejiang, China

Received:2020-07-13 Revised:2020-08-17 Online:2021-06-06 Published:2021-06-22
Contact: ZHANG Xuejun

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为实现空分纯化系统污氮气余热的回收再利用，设计了一种采用相变储热器的新型空分纯化系统，同时提出了相应的相变储热器设计方法。首先，对空分纯化系统进行数据采集，并通过回归获得污氮气温度、流量等参数的特性函数。随后，建立了非稳态变温热源下的相变储热器动态数学模型，并推导相变材料在污氮气特性函数作用下的温度通用表达式。其次，以储、放热整体循环的最大放热量为目标函数，采用微分进化算法优化储热器内相变材料熔化温度、质量等关键参数。最后，通过穷举计算了单、双级相变储热器中相变温度与余热利用率之间的关系。计算结果表明，对于单级相变储热器，最佳的相变温度为59.67℃，最大余热利用率约为0.41；对于双级相变储热器，第一级和第二级的最佳相变温度分别为73.68℃和46.04℃，最大余热利用率约为0.52。本研究为提升空分纯化系统能效奠定了理论基础。

关键词: 空分纯化系统, 余热利用, 相变, 动态建模, 微分进化算法, 优化

Abstract:

In order to achieve recovery and reuse of waste heat in air separation purification system, a novel type of air separation purification system using latent heat storage unit was designed, and the corresponding design method for the latent heat storage unit was proposed. First of all, data collection was performed on the air separation purification system, and the characteristic functions of pollutant nitrogen parameters such as the temperature and flow rate were obtained by regression. Then, a dynamic mathematical model of the latent heat storage under the unsteady-state pollutant nitrogen heat source was established, and the general temperature expression of the phase change materials was derived. Subsequently, taking the maximum heat release capacity of latent heat storage unit in the whole cycle as the objective function, the differential evolution algorithm was used to optimize the key parameters such as the melting temperature and quality of phase change materials. At last, the relationship between the melting temperature and the waste heat utilization rate in the single-stage and double-stage latent heat storage units was calculated by exhaustion. The results showed that for the single-stage latent heat storage, the optimal melting temperature is about 59.67℃, and the maximum waste heat utilization rate is about 0.41. For double-stage latent heat storage, the optimal melting temperatures are 73.68℃ and 46.04℃, respectively, and the maximum waste heat utilization rate is about 0.52. This study provided theoretical guidance for improving the energy efficiency of air separation purification system.

Key words: air separation purification system, waste heat utilization, phase change, dynamic modeling, differential evolution algorithm, optimization

中图分类号:

TK11⁺5

张春伟, 张学军, 赵阳. 应用于空分纯化系统的相变储热器建模及分析[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(6): 3099-3106.

ZHANG Chunwei, ZHANG Xuejun, ZHAO Yang. Modeling and analysis of latent heat storage unit used in air separation purification system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(6): 3099-3106.

图/表 10

图1 可进行余热回收的空分纯化系统示意图

图2 8万空分进出口污氮气温度、体积流量变化

表1 拟合函数评价表

函数	时间段/min	回归系数
T₁（τ）	［0，50］	0.9797
T₂（τ）	（50，90］	0.9991
T₃（τ）	（90，125］	0.9896

图3 相变储热器示意图

图4 相变储热器设计流程图

表2 计算结果汇总

参数	相变温度/℃	质量/kg	余热回收率
单级系统	59.67	10022.17	0.41
双级系统	73.68/46.04	5986.20/6446.38	0.52

图5 单级相变储热器相变材料温度变化

图6 双级相变储热器相变材料温度变化

图7 单级相变储热器中相变温度与余热利用率的关系

图8 双级相变储热器相变温度与余热利用率的关系

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应用于空分纯化系统的相变储热器建模及分析

Modeling and analysis of latent heat storage unit used in air separation purification system

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