车用燃料电池关键材料技术研发应用进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0822

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

车用燃料电池系统成本的不断降低和电堆耐久性能的提高促进了燃料电池汽车的快速发展。燃料电池堆是车用燃料电池系统的核心单元，电催化剂、质子交换膜和气体扩散层是制造燃料电池堆的基本材料，决定了电堆的成本和耐久性能。本文从应用角度对国内外电催化剂、质子交换膜和气体扩散层制造技术的应用发展进行了回顾，分析了国内发展燃料电池电催化剂、质子交换膜和气体扩散层制造技术的重要性和国内产业化水平落后的原因，提出了发展的建议，为这些关键材料加快国产化提供参考，以期尽快提高国产燃料电池堆耐久性能、降低制造成本。

关键词: 车用燃料电池, 电催化剂, 质子交换膜, 气体扩散层, 耐久性

Abstract:

The continuous reduction of manufacturing cost for vehicle fuel cell system and the improvement of the stack durability promote the rapid development of fuel cell vehicles. Electrocatalyst, proton exchange membrane and gas diffusion layer are the basic materials for making fuel cell stack, which determine the cost and durability of the stack. In this paper, it is reviewed that the application development of manufacturing technology for electrocatalysts, proton exchange membrane and gas diffusion layer, the importance of the manufacturing technology development of the three key materials is explained and the reasons for the low level of their industrialization in China is analysed, and some development suggestions are put forward,which provides a reference for accelerating the nationalization of products of the materials, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost and to improve the durability of the domestic FC stack.

Key words: vehicular fuel cell, electrocatalysts, proton exchange membrane, gas diffusion layer, durability

中图分类号:

TM911.4

杜泽学. 车用燃料电池关键材料技术研发应用进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(1): 6-20.

Zexue DU. Application advances of manufacturing technology for key materials of vehicle fuel cell stack[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1): 6-20.

图/表 2

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整车		电堆及运行配套		燃料电池
项目	成本 /%	项目	成本 /%	项目	成本 /%
电堆	40.9	燃料电池	60.8	催化剂	44.9
储氢瓶	13.8	氢气供给及安全监测	4.5	质子交换膜	10.3
电机	8.6	空气供给	15.3	扩散层	4.8
蓄电池	3.7	热管理系统	7.8	双极板	27.8
制动系统	2	加湿及水管理系统	3.1	膜电极支撑板	4.6
变速器	1	控制系统	3.6	其他	7.6
车架及其他	30	其他	4.9

整车		电堆及运行配套		燃料电池
项目	成本 /%	项目	成本 /%	项目	成本 /%
电堆	40.9	燃料电池	60.8	催化剂	44.9
储氢瓶	13.8	氢气供给及安全监测	4.5	质子交换膜	10.3
电机	8.6	空气供给	15.3	扩散层	4.8
蓄电池	3.7	热管理系统	7.8	双极板	27.8
制动系统	2	加湿及水管理系统	3.1	膜电极支撑板	4.6
变速器	1	控制系统	3.6	其他	7.6
车架及其他	30	其他	4.9

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