槐糖脂用于含油砂质土壤处理及石油资源回收

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1389

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

模拟了以生物型表面活性剂槐糖脂配制水溶液和微乳液对原油污染土壤进行处理并回收原油的实验，通过对比证明槐糖脂微乳液对含油土壤的原油脱除效果优于其水溶液，分析了槐糖脂、NaCl、丙三醇的添加量对原油脱除效果的影响，并筛选出3种微乳液配方。将原始原油、土壤与3种配方微乳液回收的原油、土壤进行理化性质对比发现：回收土壤的pH略高且大致呈中性，黏粒体积分数减少，zeta电位无明显变化，微乳液处理对土壤的理化性质影响较小；回收原油中饱和分含量升高，芳香分、胶质和沥青质含量降低，灰分含量增加，密度增大，黏度降低，表明回收原油具备一定的经济使用价值。将3种配方微乳液进行温度和循环利用实验以检验原油脱除效果的稳定性，结果表明：随着温度的升高，微乳液对含油土壤的原油脱除率先升高后趋于稳定，微乳液循环使用5次，对含油土壤的原油脱出率仍在60%以上，其中配方槐糖脂10%、丙三醇3.5%、NaCl 2.5%、柴油19.2%的微乳液处理含油土壤的稳定性最好。

关键词: 石油, 表面活性剂, 微乳液, 土壤, 修复, 脱除率

Abstract:

Microemulsions and aqueous solution were prepared using biosurfactant sophorolipid, and treatment and crude oil recovery simulation experiments on oily soil were carried out. By comparison, the results showed that the effect of micro-emulsion of sophorolipid was better than that of aqueous solution on the removal of crude oil from oily soil. The effects of sophorolipid, NaCl and glycerol contents on de-oiling effect were investigated, and three formulations of micro-emulsion were screened out. By comparing the original crude oil and soil with the recovered crude oil and soil samples by three kinds of micro-emulsion, it was found that the pH of the recovered soil was slightly higher, the volume fraction of clay decreased, and the zeta potential did not change significantly, indicating that the microemulsion treatment had little influence on the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The recovered crude oil had higher saturation fraction, lower aromatic, resin and asphaltene content, higher ash content, higher density and lower viscosity, which indicated that recovery had certain economic value. Experiments on effects of temperature and recycling were carried out using the selected three types of microemulsions formula. The results showed that with the increase of temperature, the removal rate of crude oil from crude oil contaminated soil increased first and then stabilized. After the microemulsion was recycled five times, the crude oil removal rate was still above 60%. The most stable microemulsion formula for the de-oiling of crude oil contaminated soil was: w(sophorolipid)=10%, w(glycerol)=3.5%, w(NaCl)=2.5%, and w(diesel)=19.2%.

Key words: petroleum, surfactants, microemulsion, soil, remediation, de-oiling rate

中图分类号:

TE99

王龙, 刘会娥, 于云飞, 王娩, 刘宇童, 陈爽, 王彬. 槐糖脂用于含油砂质土壤处理及石油资源回收[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(5): 1930-1937.

Long WANG, Hui’e LIU, Yunfei YU, Mian WANG, Yutong LIU, Shuang CHEN, Bin WANG. Treatment of crude oil contaminated sand soil and oil recovery using sophorolipid microemulsion[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(5): 1930-1937.

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