水合物形成促进剂研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-2415

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

添加促进剂是高效制备水合物的研究热点，促进剂及其添加量对水合物生成效果至关重要。本文主要从热力学促进剂和动力学促进剂两大类型进行分析：总结了可溶水相热力学促进剂和不可溶水相热力学促进剂的浓度对水合物形成相平衡的影响；从表面活性剂、纳米粒子和相变材料等添加剂，阐述了动力学促进剂添加量对水合物生成诱导时间、储气量和生成速率等方面的影响。促进剂都存在最佳浓度的添加量，并且不同类型促进剂复配更有利于水合物生成。目前添加促进剂后水合物形成机理的研究大多从宏观现象推测，部分学者通过拉曼光谱、X射线衍射和显微观察探索分析促进剂对水合物形成的微观影响，这方面研究有待于进一步开展。添加量作为水合物形成促进剂的重要指标，研究者应得到水合物形成促进剂的最佳浓度与所研究对象的关联性。

关键词: 水合物, 相平衡, 表面活性剂, 纳米粒子, 相变材料, 动力学, 成核

Abstract:

The type and amount of promoters are essential for the hydrates formation. This paper mainly analyzes two types of promoters, the thermodynamic promoters and the kinetic ones. The effect of the concentration of the water soluble thermodynamic promoters and that of water insoluble thermodynamic promoters on hydrate equilibrium is analyzed. The effects of types and amounts of surfactants, nanoparticles and phase change materials on the induction time, gas storage and production rate of hydrate are described. In summary, all promoters have optimum concentrations and the combination of different type promoters is more beneficial to the hydrate formation. At present, most mechanism studies on the formation of hydrates with the addition of promoters are speculated from macroscopic phenomena. Some scholars have explored the microscopic effects of promoters on hydrate formation by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and microscopic observation and more efforts should be made on such studies. The promoter addition amount is an important indicator and the correlation between the optimum promoter concentrations and the studying objects should be acquired.

Key words: hydrate, phase equilibrium, surfactant, nanoparticle, phase change material, kinetics, nucleation

中图分类号:

TK02

周麟晨,孙志高,李娟,李翠敏. 水合物形成促进剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(9): 4131-4141.

Linchen ZHOU,Zhigao SUN,Juan LI,Cuimin LI. Progress of hydrate formation promoters[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(9): 4131-4141.

图/表 1

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