氧化石墨烯表面的饱和池沸腾强化传热实验

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-2398

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用氧化石墨烯（GO）纳米片沸腾自组装法（self-assembly）制备出GO纳米表面，以蒸馏水为液体工质，对常压下GO纳米表面和光滑铜平面的饱和池沸腾换热特性进行了对比实验研究，并用高速摄像机拍摄了汽泡的动态行为。结果表明，GO纳米表面降低了换热壁面的过热度，其临界热流密度（CHF）和换热系数（HTC）分别达到了208W/cm²和7.25W/(cm²?K)，较光滑铜平面分别提高了66.4%和86.9%。分析认为，是铜基底表面沉积的润湿性优异的高导热二维GO层状结构促使了CHF提高。汽泡可视化观察发现，相比于光滑铜平面，较低热流密度时，相同热流下GO纳米表面上汽泡脱离直径较小，脱离频率较高，汽化核心增多；较高热流密度时，光滑铜平面汽泡合并现象更严重，即GO纳米表面能延缓导致CHF产生的表面蒸汽膜的出现。

关键词: 纳米结构, 池沸腾, 汽泡, 相变, 可视化, 传热

Abstract:

The use of nanostructured surfaces to improve the pool boiling heat transfer has been recognized as an effective method. Graphene oxide (GO) nanocoating surface was fabricated by GO nanosheets self-assembly under nucleate pool boiling conditions in present study. And the saturated pool boiling heat transfer on the GO nanocoating surface and copper plain surface were experimentally investigated under atmospheric pressure and with distilled water as working fluid. A high-speed camera was used to visualize the bubble dynamic growth process, and the bubble departure diameter and frequencies at different heat fluxes were obtained. The results showed that the superheat of GO nanocoating surface was lower than that of the copper plain surface at the same heat flux. The critical heat flux (CHF) and heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of GO nanocoating surface reached 208W/cm²and 7.25W/(cm²·K) respectively, which increased by 66.4% and 86.9% compared to those of the copper plain surface. The enhanced heat transfer performance was attributed to the favorable wettability and superior thermal conductivity of deposited two-dimensional GO layers on the copper substrate. Additionally, visualizations at low heat flux showed that when compared to copper plain surface, the bubble departure diameter of GO nanocoating surface was smaller and the frequencies were higher and the nucleus sites were more. The GO nanocoating surface was more conducive to bubble growth and departure. And at high heat flux, the bubble coalescence on the copper plain surface was more severe than that on the GO nanocoating surface. That is, the GO nanocoating surface can delay the appearance of the vapor blanket over the heating surface which triggers the CHF.

Key words: nanostructure, pool boiling, bubble, phase change, visualization, heat transfer

中图分类号:

TK124

毛兰,周文斌,胡学功,何雨,张桂英,单龙. 氧化石墨烯表面的饱和池沸腾强化传热实验[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(9): 4164-4173.

Lan MAO,Wenbin ZHOU,Xuegong HU,Yu HE,Guiying ZHANG,Long SHAN. Enhanced pool boiling heat transfer performance on graphene oxide nanocoating surface[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(9): 4164-4173.

图/表 12

图1 实验系统图

图2 铜平面沉积GO纳米片前后对比图

图3 利用表面轮廓仪测得的GO纳米表面厚度表征曲线

图4 实验系统验证光滑铜平面沸腾曲线与Rohsenow模型对比

表1 实验测量误差

实验参数	最大不确定度
T ₁ 、T ₂ 、T ₃	±0.2K
t ₀ 、t ₁ 、t ₂	±0.01mm
q″	4.6%
h	6.5%

图5 GO纳米表面与光滑铜平面以及文献报道的相关研究沸腾曲线对比

图6 接触角对比

图7 GO纳米表面SEM图及边缘区域GO纳米沉积层边缘的局部放大图

图8 两种表面上毛细现象对比

图9 光滑铜平面在不同热流密度下沸腾情况

图10 GO纳米表面在不同热流密度下沸腾情况

图11 两种表面在高热流密度下汽泡合并情况对比

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