化工进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (05): 1726-1743.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1240

• 能源加工与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

水合物动力学抑制剂的作用机理研究进展

陈玉川1, 史博会1, 李文庆2, 柳杨1, 宋尚飞1, 丁麟1, 宫敬1   

  1. 1 中国石油大学(北京)油气管道输送安全国家工程实验室/石油工程教育部重点实验室/城市油气输配技术北京市重点实验室, 北京 102249;
    2 中国石油技术开发公司, 北京 100028
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-21 修回日期:2017-09-02 出版日期:2018-05-05 发布日期:2018-05-05
  • 通讯作者: 史博会,讲师,硕士生导师,主要从事油气多相管流及流动保障技术及油气田集输工艺技术的研究。
  • 作者简介:陈玉川(1993-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为天然气水合物浆液多相流及深海油气流动安全保障。E-mail:jshzcyc@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51534007)、国家重大科技专项(2016ZX05028004-001,2016ZX05066005-001)、国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0303704)及中国石油大学(北京)科研基金(C201602)项目。

Energy processes and technologyProgress of influence mechanism of kinetic hydrate inhibitors

CHEN Yuchuan1, SHI Bohui1, LI Wenqing2, LIU Yang1, SONG Shangfei1, DING Lin1, GONG Jing1   

  1. 1 National Engineering Laboratory for Pipeline Safety/MOE Key Laboratory of Petroleum Engineering/Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China;
    2 Oil field Development Equipment Department, China Petroleum Technology & Development Corporation, Beijing 100028, China
  • Received:2017-06-21 Revised:2017-09-02 Online:2018-05-05 Published:2018-05-05

摘要: 水合物动力学抑制剂作为低液量抑制剂,其可应用于深水流动保障风险控制水合物冻堵问题,受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。本文重点阐述了动力学抑制剂的可承受最大过冷度和对诱导时间的延长这两个评价指标,同时梳理了动力学抑制剂对水合物生成及分解过程影响的研究成果。总体而言,可承受最大过冷度越大、延长诱导时间程度越强的动力学抑制剂,抑制水合物生成并保障流动安全的可靠性越高;动力学抑制剂对水合物生成与分解过程存在复杂的影响规律。本文将其对气体消耗速率、气体消耗量和形态,分解温度、时间和分解速率,“记忆效应”等影响进行了分析。结合上述研究成果,总结了动力学抑制剂对水合物的影响机理,特别是提出了化学型动力学抑制剂对水合物吸附抑制机理的概念示意图。最后,给出了未来深入开展动力学抑制剂研究的建议。

关键词: 水合物, 动力学抑制剂, 成核, 生长分解, 吸附

Abstract: As one kind of low dosage hydrate inhibitors,kinetic hydrate inhibitors (KHIs)can be used to solve flow assurance problems caused by hydrate plugging in a risk management way,which has been attracted by lots of researchers at home and abroad. The tolerable maximum sub-cooling of KHIs and the extension of induction time for hydrate formation by KHIs were summarized as two types of evaluation indexes of KHIs. Meanwhile,the influences of KHIs on hydrate formation and dissociation were also reviewed. The results indicated that the performance of KHIs was good to extend induction time longer with higher tolerable maximum sub-cooling. There were complex influences of KHIs on hydrate formation and dissociation,and the effects of KHIs on gas consumption rate,gas amount consumed,morphology of hydrate,dissociation temperature,time and rate,and "memory effect" were analyzed. Based on the review,the influence mechanisms of KHIs on hydrate were concluded,and especially a concept of adsorption inhibition mechanism was proposed for chemistry KHIs. Finally,the suggestions for further deep research of KHIs were addressed.

Key words: hydrate, kinetic hydrate inhibitors, nucleation, growth and decomposition, adsorption

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