多孔介质中天然气水合物生成影响因素研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0098

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 天然气水合物是天然气分子和水分子在低温高压条件下形成的非化学计量的笼型晶体。作为一种潜在性能源的同时，其在工业上也有广泛的应用前景。自然条件下的水合物主要存在于永冻区和海底沉积物的空隙中，实验模拟自然条件下水合物的生成，对于研究水合物的成矿机理、勘探开采以及工业应用都具有实际意义，因此许多学者在多孔介质中进行了水合物的生成实验。本文通过整理前人的研究成果，总结了多孔介质环境下介质粒径、表面特性以及添加剂（盐分和表面活性剂）的协同作用对于水合物生成速率和相平衡的影响，并归纳了不同反应条件下水合物在多孔介质中的生成位置分布情况以及几种热力学理论模型；最后提出，介质表面特性、不同种类多孔介质与盐离子的混合体系对水合物生成的影响以及多孔介质中不同的反应条件对水合物的生成位置的影响均值得进一步探讨和明确。此外，裂隙环境中不同的裂隙宽度及壁面粗糙度条件下水合物的生成情况也需要进行深入研究。

关键词: 天然气水合物, 多孔介质, 相平衡, 表面活性剂, 影响因素, 模型

Abstract: Nature gas hydrate(NGH)is a kind of non-stoichiometry crystal chemical clathrate,which is formed by natural gas molecules and water molecules under low temperature and high pressure. As a kind of potential energy,it has a wide application prospect in industry. Under natural conditions the hydrate mainly exists in the pore of the permafrost zone and the sea bottom sediments. Simulating the formation of hydrates under natural conditions in experiments is of practical significance for the formation mechanism of hydrate,exploration,exploitation and industrial applications. Thus,many scholars have carried out many experiments on the formation of hydrate in porous media. This paper summarizes the research achievements of predecessors,including the effect of pore size,surface properties and the synergistic reaction of additives(salts and surfactants)on hydrate formation rate and phase equilibrium in the porous environment,and the formative position of gas hydrate under different conditions and several thermodynamic models in porous medium. Finally,it is pointed out that the effects of medium surface characteristics,different types of porous medium and salt mixed system on hydrate formation and the effect of the different reaction conditions on the hydrate formative position should be deeply explored and clarified. In addition,the formation of hydrate at different crack width and wall roughness in the fracture environment is worthy of further study.

Key words: nature gas hydrate, porous media, phase equilibrium, surfactants, influence factor, models

中图分类号:

TE89

潘振, 刘志明, 刘德俊, 商丽艳, 李文昭, 李萍. 多孔介质中天然气水合物生成影响因素研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(12): 4403-4415.

PAN Zhen, LIU Zhiming, LIU Dejun, SHANG Liyan, LI Wenzhao, LI Ping. Research progress on influence factors of natural gas hydrate formation in porous media[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(12): 4403-4415.

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