制革工业关键清洁技术的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.06.028

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 应用制革清洁技术能够从制革生产的源头削减/消除污染。COD_Cr、氨氮和总铬是制革工业的典型污染物,研发和推广应用其源头减排技术对制革工业实现清洁生产具有重要意义。本文较系统地综述了保毛脱毛技术、鞣前过程废液循环利用技术、无氨脱灰技术、无氨软化技术、高吸收铬鞣技术、铬鞣废液循环利用技术、逆转铬鞣技术和无铬鞣制技术等清洁技术的研究进展及实际应用情况。介绍了这些技术的应用方法和重要控制参数,以及这些技术对源头减少典型污染物的作用。同时,对已有清洁技术的优点和尚存在的问题进行了分析。指出进一步提高单元清洁技术的成熟度和经济实用性,加强单元清洁技术之间的工艺平衡研究,重视单元清洁技术的集成链接,是制革工业清洁技术的未来发展方向。

关键词: 皮革, 清洁技术, 脱毛, 脱灰, 软化, 鞣制

Abstract: The pollution in leather industry can be reduced or even eliminated at the origin by applying clean technologies of leather manufacture. COD_Cr,ammonia nitrogen and total chromium are regarded as typical contaminants in leather industry. The development of key clean technologies aiming at reducing these pollutants at the origin is most concerned nowadays. This paper reviews the progress and application situations of some clean technologies,such as hair-saving unhairing technology,beamhouse wastewater recycling technology,non-ammonia deliming technology,non-ammonia bating technology,high-exhaustion chrome tanning technology,chrome tanning wastewater recycling technology,inverse chrome tanning technology and chrome-free tanning technology. The application methods and important process control parameters of these technologies are introduced,and efficiencies of these technologies in reducing discharge of typical contaminants are indicated. Meanwhile,the advantages and shortcomings of these technologies are evaluated. In order to improve the effectiveness of these technologies in practical application,it is suggested that the maturity of these technologies should be further enhanced. At the same time,the future work should focus on the integrated application of these unit technologies through fully investigating process balance between unit technologies,as well as the verification of the integrated system of clean technologies.

Key words: leather, clean technology, unhairing, deliming, bating, tanning

中图分类号:

TS54

王亚楠, 石碧. 制革工业关键清洁技术的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(06): 1865-1874.

WANG Yanan, SHI Bi. Progress of key clean technologies in leather industry[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(06): 1865-1874.

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