交联羧甲基淀粉的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016-2225

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以玉米淀粉为原料，环氧氯丙烷为交联剂，氯乙酸为醚化剂，制备了交联羧甲基淀粉（CCMS）。讨论了醚化反应机理，并确定了最佳反应条件：n（氢氧化钠）：n（氯乙酸）：n（淀粉）为1.2：1：1，反应温度为50℃。通过FTIR、XRD和SEM对产物结构进行了表征。对重金属离子的吸附实验结果表明，取代度为0.581的CCMS，对Zn²⁺与Co²⁺两种金属离子的去除率分别可达92.48%和93.79%，远高于活性炭，并好于丙烯酸系弱酸性阳离子交换树脂。CCMS还具有较强的再生性能，经两次再生后吸附量仍保持在原来的70%以上。上述结果表明CCSM作为天然高分子系吸附材料有良好的工业化前景，并可作为合成树脂类吸附剂的潜在替代品。

关键词: 交联羧甲基淀粉, 重金属离子, 吸附剂, 再生, 环境保护

Abstract: Cross-linked carboxymethyl starch was synthesized by corn starch using epichlorohydrin as cross-linking agent,and chloroacetic acid as etherifying agent.The etherification reaction mechanism was discussed and the optimum reaction conditions were ascertained as follows:n(sodium hydroxide):n(acetic acid):n(starch) is 1.2:1:1,and the reaction temperature was 50℃.The structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).When the DS was 0.581,adsorption experimental results for heavy metal ions showed that the removal rate of the CCMS on Zn (Ⅱ) and Co (Ⅱ) were 92.48% and 93.79%,respectively,which were much higher than that of activated carbon and were better than that of acrylic acid type cation exchange resin.CCMS also had a favorable regeneration performance,after two times of regeneration the amount of adsorption was still maintained at more than 70% of the original adsorption.This indicated that CCSM had a bright future in commercial application as a natural polymer adsorption material,and can be used as a potential substitute for synthetic resin adsorbents.

Key words: cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, heavy metal ions, adsorbent, regeneration, environmental protection

中图分类号:

O636.1

张昊, 范新宇, 王建坤, 郭晶, 梁卡. 交联羧甲基淀粉的制备及其对重金属离子的吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(07): 2554-2561.

ZHANG Hao, FAN Xinyu, WANG Jiankun, GUO Jing, LIANG Ka. Synthesis of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch and its adsorption properties on heavy metal ions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(07): 2554-2561.

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